Food Ingredients Involved in White-to-Brown Adipose Tissue Conversion and in Calorie Burning

Hadi, Hamza El; Vincenzo, Angelo Di; Rossato, Marco

doi:10.3389/fphys.2018.01954

Cited by 59 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…Brown adipocytes express uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1), which promotes mitochondrial thermogenesis [3]. In addition to white and brown adipocytes, when the sympathetic nerves or β-adrenergic receptors are activated by exercise and cold or spicy foods, white adipocytes are converted into beige adipocytes through the expression of UCP1 and PGC-1α [4,5]. Beige fat cells contain large numbers of mitochondria and small lipid droplets and oxidize fat to generate heat [6,7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sinapic Acid Promotes Browning of 3T3-L1 Adipocytes via p38 MAPK/CREB Pathway

Bae

Kim

2020

BioMed Research International

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Sinapic acid is a plant-derived phenolic compound, which acts as an antioxidant, anticancer, and anti-inflammatory agent. Although sinapic acid is valuable in a variety of therapeutic applications, its role in the improvement of obesity-related metabolic disease is relatively unexplored. Brown-like adipocytes (beige adipocytes) are characterized by a high concentration of mitochondria and high expression of uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1), which has specific functions in energy expenditure and thermogenesis. This study assessed the browning effects of sinapic acid in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. We investigated the expression of beige marker genes in 3T3-L1 adipocytes treated with sinapic acid. Sinapic acid increased the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α) and UCP1. Sinapic acid also promoted mitochondrial biogenesis by dose-dependently upregulating the oxygen consumption rate and enhancing the expression of representative subunits of oxidative phosphorylation complexes. In addition, treatment with p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) inhibitor and cAMP response element binding (CREB) inhibitor decreased the expressions of genes associated with thermogenesis, mitochondrial biogenesis, and oxidative phosphorylation. In summary, sinapic acid initiates browning 3T3-L1 adipocytes via the p38 MAPK/CREB signaling pathway. Thus, sinapic acid may have potential therapeutic implication in obesity.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sinapic Acid Promotes Browning of 3T3-L1 Adipocytes via p38 MAPK/CREB Pathway

Bae

Kim

2020

BioMed Research International

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“…Dietary ingredients enhance energy metabolism through glucose and lipid metabolism in the body and have shown potential in reducing adiposity and related metabolic dysfunction. A large number of bioactive flavonoids or polyphenols activate the WAT browning process or enhance BAT activity to increase thermogenesis in vitro and in vivo [20,37]. In both HFD-induced obese mice and cell models, Quercetin remodeled the characteristics of white fat cells to brown-like fat cells via modulating FGF-21, PRDM-16, PGC1α, and UCP-1 [38,39].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The up-regulation of UCP-1 is crucial for the thermogenesis process [ 19 ]. Recent observations indicate that besides the classical brown adipose tissue (BAT), beige fat cells also influence thermogenesis and reduce body fat mass in rodents and humans [ 20 , 21 ]. Beige fat cells possess mixed physiological and morphological features of the brown fat cells.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Beige fat cells possess mixed physiological and morphological features of the brown fat cells. These metabolically active cells generate from WAT cells primarily through beta-adrenergic receptor activation in an autocrine, paracrine, or endocrine mechanism when exposed to cold or food ingredients [ 20 , 22 , 23 ]. The browning of WAT requires the active involvement of several metabolic factors that include adiponectin [ 12 , 13 , 24 ] and triiodothyronine (T3) [ 25 , 26 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Combined extracts of Moringa oleifera, Murraya koeingii leaves, and Curcuma longa rhizome increases energy expenditure and controls obesity in high-fat diet-fed rats

et al. 2020

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Background: LI85008F is a proprietary combination of leaf extracts of Moringa oleifera, Murraya koeingii, and extract of Curcuma longa rhizome. This herbal extract combination is an effective weight loss supplement for overweight and obese subjects. The present study aimed to investigate the thermogenic potential of the LI85008F in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese Sprague Dawley rats. Methods: Seven rats received a regular diet (RD), and twenty-one rats received a high-fat diet (HFD) for 56 days. On day 28, the HFD-fed rats were randomized into three groups (n = 7). Starting from day 29 through day 56, one HFD-fed group received daily oral gavage of 0.5% Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium (CMC) alone (HFD), and the remaining two groups received 100 and 250 mg/kg LI85008F (LI85008F-100 and LI85008F-250, respectively). Body weight, fat mass, fat cell size, liver weight, liver triglyceride were measured. The energy metabolism parameters were measured using indirect calorimetry. In serum, the metabolic and endocrine markers were analyzed. The adipogenic and thermoregulatory proteins expression in the white adipose tissue (WAT) were analyzed using an immunoblot assay. Results: Supplementation with both doses of LI85008F significantly increased resting energy expenditure (REE) in the obese rats. The LI85008F-250 rats showed significant up-regulation of uncoupling protein-1 (UCP-1) expression, as compared with the HFD rats. LI85008F significantly reduced body weight gain, fat mass, fat cell size, liver weight, and hepatic triglycerides. Serum triglyceride, total cholesterol, glucose, leptin, and fat cell markers were significantly reduced in LI85008F-supplemented rats compared to the HFD rats. Conclusion: The present data suggest that LI85008F reduces body fat mass and controls body weight gain via increasing energy metabolism in combination with reduced lipogenesis in diet-fed obese rats.

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“…Several browning agents have been reported that are extensively reviewed elsewhere ( 20 , 105 – 107 ) ( Figure 1 ). For example, numerous pharmacological small molecules, dietary compounds, and nutritional agents are known to increase WAT browning ( 108 – 111 ). Additionally, various organs respond to environmental challenges such as cold, fasting, feeding, and exercise by secreting several factors and hormones that contribute to the browning ( 3 , 112 ).…”

Section: Browning: Paths and Playersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beige Fat Maintenance; Toward a Sustained Metabolic Health

Rabiee

2020

Front. Endocrinol.

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Understanding the mammalian energy balance can pave the way for future therapeutics that enhance energy expenditure as an anti-obesity and anti-diabetic strategy. Several studies showed that brown adipose tissue activity increases daily energy expenditure. However, the size and activity of brown adipose tissue is reduced in individuals with obesity and type two diabetes. Humans have an abundance of functionally similar beige adipocytes that have the potential to contribute to increased energy expenditure. This makes beige adipocytes a promising target for metabolic disease therapies. While brown adipocytes tend to be stable, beige adipocytes have a high level of plasticity that allows for the rapid and dynamic induction of thermogenesis by external stimuli such as low environmental temperatures. This means that after browning stimuli have been withdrawn beige adipocytes quickly transition back to their white adipose state. The detailed molecular mechanisms regulating beige adipocytes development, function, and reversibility are not fully understood. The goal of this review is to give a comprehensive overview of beige fat development and origins, along with the transcriptional and epigenetic programs that lead to beige fat formation, and subsequent thermogenesis in humans. An improved understanding of the molecular pathways of beige adipocyte plasticity will enable us to selectively manipulate beige cells to induce and maintain their thermogenic output thus improving the whole-body energy homeostasis.

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Food Ingredients Involved in White-to-Brown Adipose Tissue Conversion and in Calorie Burning

Cited by 59 publications

References 66 publications

Sinapic Acid Promotes Browning of 3T3-L1 Adipocytes via p38 MAPK/CREB Pathway

Sinapic Acid Promotes Browning of 3T3-L1 Adipocytes via p38 MAPK/CREB Pathway

Combined extracts of Moringa oleifera, Murraya koeingii leaves, and Curcuma longa rhizome increases energy expenditure and controls obesity in high-fat diet-fed rats

Beige Fat Maintenance; Toward a Sustained Metabolic Health

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