Food security monitoring in Brazil and other Latin American countries: Support for governance with the participation of civil society

Kepple, Anne W.; Segall-Corrêa, Ana Maria

doi:10.1016/j.gfs.2017.05.006

Cited by 12 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…For example, participation and coordination are limited when, during transitions, collaborations with the government become dysfunctional, institutions fail to meet their functions, resource allocation is inefficient, and service delivery falls short. The case of Guatemala ( 7 ) is consistent with the literature on food security governance in Latin America ( 25 ) and a case study from Brazil ( 26 ), supporting the critical roles and contributions from the involvement of civil society for the “decisions, oversights, and resource allocation” that advances food security. The case of Guatemala also emphasizes the critical role of international organizations ( 7 ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

Terminal Logic Behavior and Strategic Defection of Governmental Officials during Presidential Transitions in Guatemala: Implications for the Sustainability of Food and Nutrition Security Policy

Escobar‐Alegria

Frongillo

Blake

2020

Current Developments in Nutrition

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Background Presidents with no possibility of reelection overvalue far-future rewards and succumb to terminal logic behavior (TLB), responding to end-of-tenure legacy concerns despite political context. Government authorities perceiving the outgoing government is losing power at the end of term behave under the logic of strategic defection (SD), dissociating from the outgoing government once it is perceived powerless. In countries where reelection is impossible and government turnover and inconstant political parties are concerns, governmental officials at all levels may show TLB and SD during transitions that affect policy sustainability. Objectives This study aimed to understand the context during presidential transitions that makes TLB and SD relevant, whether TLB and SD affect sustainability of food and nutrition security policy (FNSP), and the tactics for navigating transitions that favor sustainability. Methods A case study design was used with semi-structured qualitative interviews and document review of news articles in Guatemala. Purposeful criterion and snowball sampling were used to recruit 52 policy actors implementing a FNSP across two transitions; 252 news articles from the referenced period covering topics on policy programmatic areas were purposefully sampled. Interviews were analyzed using coding and thematic analyses. News articles were analyzed using a priori thematic coding for verifying themes in interviews and data triangulation. Results Governmental officials were replaced by others during transitions; political parties were perceived as inconstant. TLB and SD occurred at all levels and had consequences for sustainability of FNSP: implementation slowdown, dysfunctional collaboration, inefficient use of resources, benefits not reaching targeted groups, and loss of momentum. These occurred through individual, institutional, and political mechanisms. Civil society, international organizations, and government adopted tactics for maximizing sustainability. Conclusion Understanding governmental officials’ experiences and the extent to which TLB and SD occur and affect sustainability could be advantageous to develop compensatory actions for reaching long-term FNSP goals.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

Terminal Logic Behavior and Strategic Defection of Governmental Officials during Presidential Transitions in Guatemala: Implications for the Sustainability of Food and Nutrition Security Policy

Escobar‐Alegria

Frongillo

Blake

2020

Current Developments in Nutrition

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“…Regarding successful food security policies, Brazil has been known worldwide for reducing food insecurity by improving food access, income generation, supporting the food production by small farmers, and enhancing food security governance including civil society organizations 9,10,11 . Most importantly, alongside these developments, Brazil built a robust legal and institutional framework for food security, transforming the fight against hunger into a state obligation 6,12,13,14 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Food security status in times of financial and political crisis in Brazil

et al. 2019

Self Cite

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This study sought to describe the changes in the food security status in Brazil before and during its most recent financial and political crisis, as well as to explore associations between food security and socioeconomic factors during the crisis. This cross-sectional study analyzed data from two different sources: the Brazilian National Household Sample Survey for 2004 (n = 112,479), 2009 (n = 120,910), and 2013 (n = 116,192); and the Gallup World Poll for 2015 (n = 1,004), 2016 (n = 1,002), and 2017 (n = 1,001). Household food security status was measured by a shorter version of the Brazilian Food Insecurity Scale, consisting of the first 8 questions of the original 14-item scale. Descriptive and logistic regression analyses were performed to assess the changes in food security and their association with socioeconomic factors. Results suggest that during the crisis the percentage of households classified as food secure declined by one third (76% in 2013 to 49% in 2017) while severe food insecurity tripled (4% in 2013 to 12% in 2017). Whereas before the crisis (2013) 44% of the poorest households were food secure, by 2017 this decreased to 26%. Household income per capita was strongly associated with food security, increasing by six times the chances of being food insecure among the poorest strata. Those who reported a low job climate, social support or level of education were twice as likely to be food insecure. Despite significant improvements between 2004 and 2013, findings indicate that during the crisis Brazil suffered from a great deterioration of food security, highlighting the need for emergency policies to protect and guarantee access to food for the most vulnerable.

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“…However, this is not the case of small farms, which should rely on effective government policies for this purpose. In this scenario, the appropriate agricultural mechanisation is an imminent necessity [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conception of an electric propulsion system for a 9 kW electric tractor suitable for family farming

Melo¹,

Antunes²,

Daher³

et al. 2019

IET Electric Power Applications

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This study presents an updated review of the application of electric tractors. A customised drive system for the conception of a novel low-power electric tractor suitable for family farms is also introduced and discussed. The introduced system comprises several aspects regarding energy generation, transmission, conversion, storage, utilisation, conservation, and management, as well as sustainability issues. A 9 kW prototype composed of two three-phase induction motors, two independent inverters, and a lead-acid battery bank is presented. Flexible and safe operation is ensured by using an electronic control unit specifically designed for this project, as a dedicated control algorithm is also developed to provide greater versatility under common rural activities. Also, a supervisory system is proposed for data storage and performance analysis. To verify the proper performance of the electric tractor, the methodology used for conducting drawbar tests has been based on document CODE 2 by Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD). Experimental results are presented and discussed; thus, demonstrating that the proposed electric tractor is technically feasible in terms of performance when compared with a similar internal combustion engine one.

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Food security monitoring in Brazil and other Latin American countries: Support for governance with the participation of civil society

Cited by 12 publications

References 2 publications

Terminal Logic Behavior and Strategic Defection of Governmental Officials during Presidential Transitions in Guatemala: Implications for the Sustainability of Food and Nutrition Security Policy

Terminal Logic Behavior and Strategic Defection of Governmental Officials during Presidential Transitions in Guatemala: Implications for the Sustainability of Food and Nutrition Security Policy

Food security status in times of financial and political crisis in Brazil

Conception of an electric propulsion system for a 9 kW electric tractor suitable for family farming

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