Formaldehyde Release from Wood Products: An Overview

Meyer, B.; Hermanns, K.

doi:10.1021/bk-1986-0316.ch001

Cited by 21 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…The solid wood is believed to emit formaldehyde that occurs naturally and it exhibited pH in the acidic level. [21][22][23][24] Wood veneers that are more acidic, when bonded to form plywood, tend to emit a lower amount of formaldehyde. In contrast, less acidic wood substrates retard the adhesive cure rate, which tends to deteriorate the bond integrity of plywood and enhances its formaldehyde emission, especially in the presence of water.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integration of Headspace Solid Phase Micro-Extraction with Gas Chromatography for Quantitative Analysis of Formaldehyde

Lo¹,

Yung

2013

Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society

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A study was carried out to evaluate the solid phase micro-extraction (SPME) for formaldehyde emission analysis of uncoated plywood. In SPME, formaldehyde was on-fiber derivatized through headspace extraction and analyzed by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The SPME was compared with desiccators (DC-JAS 233), small-scale chamber (SSC-ASTM D6007) and liquid-liquid extraction (LLE-EPA 556) methods which were performed in accordance with their respective standards. Compared to SSC (RSD 4.3%) and LLE (RSD 5.0%), the SPME method showed better repeatability (RSD 1.8%) and not much difference from DC (RSD 1.4%). The SPME has proven to be highly precise (at 95% confidence level) with better recovery (REC 102%). Validation of the SPME method for formaldehyde quantitative analysis was evidenced. In addition, the SPME by air sampling directly from plywood specimens (SPME-W) correlated best with DC (r 2 = 0.983), followed by LLE (r 2 = 0.950) and SSC (r 2 = 0.935).

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integration of Headspace Solid Phase Micro-Extraction with Gas Chromatography for Quantitative Analysis of Formaldehyde

Lo¹,

Yung

2013

Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society

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“…In 1999, the forest products industry in the United States and Canada spent over $7.4 billion on wood adhesives (3). Formaldehyde-based wood adhesives [e.g., urea formaldehyde (UF) resins, phenol formaldehyde (PF) resins, and melamine formaldehyde (MF) resins] predominate in the wood adhesive market (4). The UF resins, however, have a tendency to release formaldehyde during the manufacture and use of wood panels (4)(5)(6)(7).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Formaldehyde-based wood adhesives [e.g., urea formaldehyde (UF) resins, phenol formaldehyde (PF) resins, and melamine formaldehyde (MF) resins] predominate in the wood adhesive market (4). The UF resins, however, have a tendency to release formaldehyde during the manufacture and use of wood panels (4)(5)(6)(7). Formaldehyde vapor is potentially carcinogenic and is hazardous to human health, causing eye and throat irritations as well as respiratory discomfort (8)(9)(10).…”

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confidence: 99%

Investigation of soy protein‐kymene^® adhesive systems for wood composites

Peshkova

Geng

2004

J Americ Oil Chem Soc

197

125

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This study investigated a new adhesive system, consisting of soy protein isolate (SPI) and Kymene ® 557H (simply called Kymene) (a commercial wet-strength agent for paper), that was prepared by mixing SPI and Kymene. Wood composites bonded with SPI-Kymene adhesive preparations had shear strengths comparable to or higher than those bonded with commercial phenol formaldehyde resins. Wood composites bonded with the new adhesive system had high water resistance and retained relatively high strength even after they had undergone a boiling-water test. The new adhesive system is formaldehyde-free, easy to use, and environmentally friendly. Kymene was proposed to serve as a curing agent in SPI-Kymene adhesives.

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“…Besides the various processing parameters, the formaldehyde to urea ratio (F/U) is one of the initial factors that influence the formaldehyde emission from wood-based panels. Hence, lowering the F/U ratio enables the production of boards with lower formaldehyde emission [8]. The rate of the subsequent formaldehyde emission from wood-based panels also depends on the ambient conditions, i.e.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quality of the particleboards on Serbian market in regard to the formaldehyde emission

Ðiporović-Momčilović¹,

Popović²,

Popović³

et al. 2018

Zaštita materijala

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The formaldehyde potential of particleboards imported on Serbian market was evaluated in this research. The sampling and testing of particleboards were conducted in two discrete periods: first was during 2011 and the second was in the period of 2015-2016. For both periods, the samples of raw particleboards originated from three different producers. The perforator method (EN 120) was used to test the formaldehyde content in the particleboard samples. In general, the results have showed that the majority of the samples belong to the E1 class of particleboards. In addition, 19 % of the particleboards sampled in 2011 and 31 % of the boards sampled in 2015-2016 were found to have formaldehyde content below 50 % of E1 class requirements.

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Formaldehyde Release from Wood Products: An Overview

Cited by 21 publications

References 0 publications

Integration of Headspace Solid Phase Micro-Extraction with Gas Chromatography for Quantitative Analysis of Formaldehyde

Integration of Headspace Solid Phase Micro-Extraction with Gas Chromatography for Quantitative Analysis of Formaldehyde

Investigation of soy protein‐kymene^® adhesive systems for wood composites

Quality of the particleboards on Serbian market in regard to the formaldehyde emission

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Formaldehyde Release from Wood Products: An Overview

Cited by 21 publications

References 0 publications

Integration of Headspace Solid Phase Micro-Extraction with Gas Chromatography for Quantitative Analysis of Formaldehyde

Integration of Headspace Solid Phase Micro-Extraction with Gas Chromatography for Quantitative Analysis of Formaldehyde

Investigation of soy protein‐kymene® adhesive systems for wood composites

Quality of the particleboards on Serbian market in regard to the formaldehyde emission

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Investigation of soy protein‐kymene^® adhesive systems for wood composites