Formation and emission of fine particles from two coal-fired power plants

Nielsen, Morten Thellefsen; Livbjerg, Hans; Fogh, C.L.; Jensen, Jørgen N.; Simonsen, Peter; Lund, C.P.; Poulsen, Kristoffer G.; Sander, Bo

doi:10.1080/714922606

Cited by 60 publications

(58 citation statements)

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“…It can be seen that the RE factors of Si are quite consistent in the experiments, being mostly between 0.7 and 0.8. The results are in line with a number of studies, showing that Si is of low volatility in pulverized coal combustion and the content of Si in submicron particles are slightly lower than that in larger fly ash particles [13,27]. The results also indicate that the additives do not have significant effect on the volatility of Si.…”

Section: Volatility Of Si and Crsupporting

confidence: 91%

Trace elements in co-combustion of solid recovered fuel and coal

Glarborg

Frandsen

et al. 2013

Fuel Processing Technology

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Trace element partitioning in co-combustion of a bituminous coal and a solid recovered fuel (SRF) was studied in an entrained flow reactor. The experiments were carried out at conditions similar to pulverized coal combustion, with SRF shares of 7.9 wt.% (wet basis), 14.8 wt.% and 25.0 wt.%. In addition, the effect of additives such as NaCl, PVC, ammonium sulphate, and kaolinite on trace element partitioning was investigated. The trace elements studied were As, Cd, Cr, Pb, Sb and Zn, since these elements were significantly enriched in SRF as compared to coal. During the experiments, bottom ash was collected in a chamber, large fly ash particles were collected by a cyclone with a cut-off diameter of~2.5 μm, and the remaining fly ash particles were gathered in a filter. It was found that when coal was co-fired with SRF, the As, Cd, Pb, Sb and Zn content in filter ash/cyclone ash increased almost linearly with their content in fuel ash. This linear tendency was affected when the fuels were mixed with additives. The volatility of trace elements during combustion was assessed by applying a relative enrichment (RE) factor, and TEM-EDS analysis was conducted to provide qualitative interpretations. The results indicated that As, Cd, Pb, Sb and Zn were highly volatile when co-firing coal and SRF, whereas the volatility of Cr was relatively low. Compared with coal combustion, co-firing of coal and SRF slightly enhanced the volatility of Cd, Pb and Zn, but reduced the volatility of Cr and Sb. The Cl-based additives increased the volatility of Cd, Pb and As, whereas addition of ammonium sulphate generally decreased the volatility of trace elements. Addition of kaolinite reduced the volatility of Pb, while the influence on other trace elements was insignificant. The results from the present work imply that trace element emission would be significantly increased when coal is co-fired with SRF, which may greatly enhance the toxicity of the dusts from coal-fired power plant. In order to minimize trace element emission in co-combustion, in addition to lowering the trace element content in SRF, utilizing SRF with low Cl content and coal with high S and aluminosilicates content would be desirable.

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Section: Volatility Of Si and Crsupporting

confidence: 91%

Trace elements in co-combustion of solid recovered fuel and coal

Glarborg

Frandsen

et al. 2013

Fuel Processing Technology

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“…Although ESPs and FGD devices can effectively remove large particles, their removal efficiency for PM 10 and PM 2.5 is relatively low. Therefore, 50.0%-80.0% of the particles in stack aerosols are in the PM 2.5 range (Nielsen et al, 2002;Wang et al, 2011). Moreover, selective catalytic reduction (SCR) technology has become increasingly widely used to reduce NO x emissions in China, and approximately 92.0% of coal-fired power units adopted SCR technology by the end of 2015 (MEP, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emission Characteristics and Control Prospects of Primary PM2.5 from Fossil Fuel Power Plants in China

Wang

Cheng

Tian

et al. 2016

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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In this study, a unit-based approach was used to establish an integrated emission inventory of primary PM 2.5 from fossil fuel (coal, oil, and natural gas) power plants in China. The inventory was of high spatial and temporal resolution, and composed of detailed chemical speciation. In 2014, the total emissions were estimated to be approximately 669.53 kt. The emissions of primary PM 2.5 from coal-fired power plants (CFPs) were 668.56 kt, making CFPs the largest contributor. The emissions of primary PM 2.5 from oil-fired power plants (OFPs) and natural gas-fired power plants (GFPs) were approximately 17.41 t and 945.60 t, respectively. Spatial distribution features demonstrated that the emissions in the eastern and central provinces of China were much higher than those in the west, except for provinces involved in the "west-to-east power transmission" project. For CFPs, crustal elements and water-soluble inorganic ions were the primary species of PM 2.5 . By contrast, for OFPs and GFPs, carbonaceous components were the predominant species of PM 2.5 . Moreover, this study conducted a scenario analysis of changes in PM 2.5 emissions resulting from technical advancement, penetration, and substitution of CFPs by GFPs for the target years.

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“…The WFGD can further remove primary PM 2.5 (especially PM 1-2.5 ), but it generates new particles (especially PM 1 ) (Meij, 1994;Farthing et al, 2004;Nielsen et al, 2002). In this study, the PM 0.1 mass concentration presented a great increase even though the PM 2.5 mass concentration at WFGD outlet showed a slight decrease (Fig.…”

Section: New Problems Caused By Apcdsmentioning

confidence: 52%

PM2.5 Emission Reduction by Technical Improvement in a Typical Coal-Fired Power Plant in China

Jiang

et al. 2017

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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To investigate PM 2.5 reduction by technical improvement in typical Chinese coal-fired power plants, two units built in different time with different particulate matter (PM) control technologies but with the same coal-fired boiler type were selected to characterize the concentrations of PM 2.5 generated and emitted from coal-fired power plants. We found that significant benefit of PM 2.5 emission reduction was achieved by technological improvement. Due to the increase in the installed capacity and the application of low NO x burner alone, PM 2.5 emission factor without adopting other air pollution control devices decreased from 0.153 kg t -1 (the 100 MW unit) to 0.123 kg t -1 (the 300 MW unit). With the help of an improved electrostatic precipitator (ESP) of which removal efficiency increased from 76.4% to 97.5%, PM 2.5 emission factor further decreased from 0.014 kg t -1 (the unit with a normal ESP) to 0.003 kg t -1 (the unit with a cold-side ESP and a wet flue gas desulphurization (WFGD)). However, the application of flue gas denitrification and desulfurization devices may alter PM 2.5 compositions and their emissions. For instance, the installation of a WFGD was found to largely increase the emissions of water-soluble ions in PM 2.5 (e.g., SO 4 2-, Ca 2+ , and NH 4 + ).

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Formation and emission of fine particles from two coal-fired power plants

Cited by 60 publications

References 0 publications

Trace elements in co-combustion of solid recovered fuel and coal

Trace elements in co-combustion of solid recovered fuel and coal

Emission Characteristics and Control Prospects of Primary PM2.5 from Fossil Fuel Power Plants in China

PM2.5 Emission Reduction by Technical Improvement in a Typical Coal-Fired Power Plant in China

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