Formulation of Niosomal Gel Containing Green Tea Extract (Camellia Sinensis L. Kuntze) Using Thin-Layer Hydration

Abstract

Objective: Green tea is known as a source of antioxidants. The most abundant of these is epigallocatechin gallate, which has been shown to modulate biochemical pathways in the skin. Niosomes are an alternative to liposomal drug-vehicle systems, which have disadvantages such as cost and stability. To overcome the problem of low permeation of active substances through skin layers and to increase their stability, a topical antioxidant preparation based on niosomes was prepared. Materials and Methods:To enhance drug stability, niosomal formulations were prepared in four different molar ratios of surfactant-to-cholesterol, that is, 3:1 (F1), 2:1 (F2), 1:1 (F3), and 0.5:1 (F4). These were prepared using the thin-layer method. The niosomal suspensions were evaluated for particle size and distribution, lamellarity, encapsulation efficiency, and zeta potential, and were then incorporated into gels using hydroxypropyl methylcellulose as the gelling agent. The niosomal gels were evaluated for organoleptic properties, pH, viscosity, stability, and antioxidant activity using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl. Results:Results for the suspensions showed that F1 had the best encapsulation efficiency but experienced separation after 7 days. Conclusions:Results for the niosomal gels (using F3) showed stable formulation without changes.

Epigallocatechin gallate: Phytochemistry, bioavailability, utilization challenges, and strategies

“…Moreover, EGCG vesicles (niosomes) are more stable, less toxic, inexpensive, and actively permeable nanoparticles for better clinical applications. In contrast, niosomal gels in which EGCG is integrated with cholesterol and surfactant offered long‐term stability (Isnan & Jufri, 2017). In this way, encapsulated EGCG is incorporated into various functional foods to enhance the quality of the food system and its permeation and stability in many clinical applications.…”

Niosomes: A Promising Nanocarrier Approach for Drug Delivery

“…Only 5-10% liquid volume can be entrapped in such vesicles [3,56]. HSM has been used for preparation of niosomes that entrap diclofenac sodium (DCS) [53] Zidovudine [57], benzyl penicillin [58], paclitaxel [59], gallidermin [60], prednisolone [61], tenofovir disoproxil fumarate [62], green tea extract [63], and lornoxicam [64] are prepared by film hydration technique [8,10].…”

Benazepril Hydrochloride Loaded Niosomal Formulation for Oral Delivery: Formulation and Characterization

“…Zeta potential for all niosomal formulations was measured with zeta-sizer (Zeta Plus) (Brookhaven Instruments, USA) which has a sensitivity range from-150 to+150 millivolt (mV) and accuracy of±2%. It is equipped with 35 milliwatt (mW) solid state laser, red (660 nm wavelength) [11].…”