Four‐dimensional sonographic assessment of fetal facial expression early in the third trimester

Yan, Fang; Dai, Shuyan; Akther, Nasima; Kuno, Atsushi; Yanagihara, Toshihiro; Hata, Toshiyuki

doi:10.1016/j.ijgo.2006.05.004

Cited by 56 publications

(74 citation statements)

References 22 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…By viewing 15-min 4D HDlive recordings after ultrasound examinations, one examiner (Examiner A) counted the frequency of the following seven types of previously-reported facial expressions by Yan et al in each case: blinking, mouthing, yawning, tongue expulsion, sucking, smiling and scowling [12][13][14].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Facial Expressions of Fetal Growth Restriction and Appropriate-for-Gestational Age Fetuses Assessed by Four-Dimensional High-Definition Live Ultrasound

Chida¹,

Kikuchi²,

Kanasugi³

et al. 2017

Gynecol Obstet

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective: To determine whether Fetal Growth Restriction (FGR) fetuses have less facial expressions than Appropriate-for-Gestational Age (AGA) counterparts with the assessment by four-dimensional high-definition live (4D HDlive) ultrasound.Methods: 4D HDlive ultrasound examinations of fetal facial expressions were performed on singleton pregnant women between 26 and 39 weeks of gestation. The duration of the 4D HDlive recordings was 15 minutes in all cases. The frequency of seven types of previously-reported facial expressions, or blinking, mouthing, yawning, tongue expulsion, sucking, smiling and scowling, were assessed. Two observers counted the frequencies, and inter-and intra-observer reproducibility was examined. Wilcoxon rank-sum test was used for comparison of FGR and AGA group. Kruskal-Wallis test was used for intra-group significance of frequencies of seven types of fetal facial expressions. P<0.05 was considered significant. Results:In this study, good intra-and inter-class correlation coefficients and intra-and inter-observer agreements were obtained. Thus, measurement values by only one examiner were used for further analysis. The facial expressions of 16 fetuses (FGR: n=8, AGA: n=8) were assessed. We noted a tendency for FGR fetuses to have less facial expressions than AGA counterparts. Although statistically significant inter-group difference was not detected in frequency of any facial expressions, this propensity is conspicuous in smiling (p=0.065) and mouthing (p=0.279). In AGA fetuses, the commonest facial expression was mouthing and was significantly more frequent than blinking (p=0.007), tongue expulsion (p=0.007) and sucking (p=0.002). We also noted a tendency that the frequency of facial expressions declines with fetal maturation. Although no statistically significant difference was shown, this propensity is prominent in mouthing of FGR (p=0.071). Conclusion:4D HDlive ultrasound provides promising modalities in novel evaluative imaging of fetal various facial expressions, and may help to elucidate functional development of Central Nervous System (CNS) and facial expressions both in normal and compromised fetuses.

show abstract

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Facial Expressions of Fetal Growth Restriction and Appropriate-for-Gestational Age Fetuses Assessed by Four-Dimensional High-Definition Live Ultrasound

Chida¹,

Kikuchi²,

Kanasugi³

et al. 2017

Gynecol Obstet

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…[33][34][35]37,[39][40][41] All studies focused on the assessment of fetal facial expressions and movements, and fetal hand to face movements (Figs 6A to 8), because the viewing area was limited to that of the transabdominal probe. Kurjak et al 37 were the first to use 4D sonography to study 10 healthy fetuses for 15 minutes at 30 to 33 weeks.…”

Section: Late Second and Third Trimestersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A statistically significant correlation was found between all head movements and hand to body contact patterns during the second and third trimesters, except for head anteflexion. Yan et al 41 studied the full range of fetal facial expressions early in the third trimester (from 28 to 34 gestational weeks) using 4D sonographic techniques. Mouthing was the most frequent facial expression, whereas the least frequent were scowling and sucking.…”

Section: Late Second and Third Trimestersmentioning

confidence: 99%

4D Sonography in Assessment of Fetal Neurobehavior

Hata¹,

Sato²,

Kanenishi³

et al. 2012

Donald School Journal of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ABSTRACT'Observation of fetal behavior reflects the functioning of the central nervous system, and behavioral assessment of the fetus enables the function of the brain to be examined'.1 The introduction of four-dimensional (4D) sonography techniques would facilitate fetal behavioral assessment in three dimensions in real time during pregnancy. We describe the latest 4D sonographic studies on fetal neurobehavior in all three trimesters of pregnancy. 4D sonography also facilitated the evaluation of interhuman contact and intrapair stimulation in twin pregnancies in utero. This novel technique may assist in the evaluation of fetal neurobehavior and intertwin contact and intrapair stimulation and offer potential advantages relative to conventional two-dimensional sonography. 4D sonography may become an important modality in future research on fetal neurobehavioral development and the prenatal identification of severely brain-damaged infants.

show abstract

“…49,50,52,[54][55][56][57][58][59] All studies focused on the assessment of fetal facial movements or expressions and fetal behavioral movements (mainly hand movements) (Figs 11 to 22), because the viewing area was limited to that of the transabdominal probe. "Clearly, the ability to image facial as well as hand movements and their cooccurrence is an advantage that may be related to the 4D technology.…”

Section: Late Second and Third Trimestersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the middle of the third trimester, the fetuses displayed a decreasing or unchanging incidence of fetal facial expressions except for eye blinking, which showed an increased frequency with advancing gestational age. In a recent study by Yan et al 59 the full range of fetal facial expressions early in the third trimester (from 28 to 34 gestational weeks) were studied using 4D ultrasonographic techniques. As in previous reports, 52,57 mouthing was found to be the most active facial expression during this gestational period.…”

Section: Late Second and Third Trimestersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Four-dimensional Ultrasound Evaluation of Fetal Neurobehavioral Development

Hata¹,

Kanenishi²,

Tanaka³

et al. 2010

Donald School Journal of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The introduction of four-dimensional (4D) ultrasound techniques would facilitate fetal behavioral assessment in three-dimensions in realtime during pregnancy. We describe the latest 4D sonographic studies on fetal behavior, especially fetal whole-body movements and facial expressions in all three trimesters of pregnancy and the continuation of behavior from the fetal to neonatal period. Moreover, we introduce a new scoring system (KANET, Kurjak Antenatal Neurological Test) for assessment of the fetal neurological status using 4D ultrasound. 4D ultrasound also facilitated the evaluation of inter-human contact in twin pregnancies in utero. This novel technique may assist in the evaluation of fetal behavior and inter-twin contact, and offer potential advantages relative to conventional two-dimensional ultrasound. 4D ultrasound should become an important modality in future research on fetal neurobehavioral development and the prenatal identification of severely brain-damaged infants. Further studies involving a larger sample size are needed to ascertain the role of 4D ultrasound in the evaluation of fetal neurobehavioral development.

show abstract

Four‐dimensional sonographic assessment of fetal facial expression early in the third trimester

Abstract: 4-D sonography provides a means of evaluating fetal facial expression early in the third trimester. It may be a key to predicting fetal brain function and well-being and an important modality in future fetal neurophysiologic research.

Cited by 56 publications

References 22 publications

Facial Expressions of Fetal Growth Restriction and Appropriate-for-Gestational Age Fetuses Assessed by Four-Dimensional High-Definition Live Ultrasound

Facial Expressions of Fetal Growth Restriction and Appropriate-for-Gestational Age Fetuses Assessed by Four-Dimensional High-Definition Live Ultrasound

4D Sonography in Assessment of Fetal Neurobehavior

Four-dimensional Ultrasound Evaluation of Fetal Neurobehavioral Development

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About