Fourier transform spectrometer on silicon with thermo-optic non-linearity and dispersion correction

Souza, Mario C. M. M.; Grieco, Andrew; Frateschi, Newton C.; Fainman, Yeshaiahu

doi:10.1038/s41467-018-03004-6

Cited by 142 publications

(120 citation statements)

References 40 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

114

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…However, precise knowledge/calibration of the wavelength dependence of the thermal modulation can, in principle, alleviate this issue. Several new techniques have recently been demonstrated to effectively correct for temperature drifts and non-linearity of the thermal/electro-optic modulators [85,97,98]. FTSs are also being demonstrated in the mid-IR range [99] (λ ∼ 3.7 µm, spectral resolution ∼5000), which is particularly useful for exoplanet characterization, as described above.…”

Section: Challenges and The Futurementioning

confidence: 99%

Astrophotonic Spectrographs

2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Astrophotonics is the application of photonic technologies to channel, manipulate, and disperse light from one or more telescopes to achieve scientific objectives in astronomy in an efficient and cost-effective way. Utilizing photonic advantage for astronomical spectroscopy is a promising approach to miniaturizing the next generation of spectrometers for large telescopes. It can be primarily attained by leveraging the two-dimensional nature of photonic structures on a chip or a set of fibers, thus reducing the size of spectroscopic instrumentation to a few centimeters and the weight to a few hundred grams. A wide variety of astrophotonic spectrometers is currently being developed, including arrayed waveguide gratings (AWGs), photonic echelle gratings (PEGs), and Fourier-transform spectrometer (FTS). These astrophotonic devices are flexible, cheaper to mass produce, easier to control, and much less susceptible to vibrations and flexure than conventional astronomical spectrographs. The applications of these spectrographs range from astronomy to biomedical analysis. This paper provides a brief review of this new class of astronomical spectrographs.Appl. Sci. 2019, xx, 5 2 of 18 of the telescope), creating new challenges for instrumentation [7]. At the same time, there is an explosion in the number of large astronomical surveys discovering a multitude of new transients, exoplanets, and galaxies. This necessitates development of new instruments for large telescopes that are compact and cost-effective while providing the flexibility to address the challenge of high-throughput characterization for these large surveys.Photonic technologies provide a promising platform for building next-generation instruments that are flexible (in terms of light manipulation), compact (volumes of a few tens of cubic centimetres) and lightweight (a few hundreds of grams), thanks to manipulation of guided light [8,9]. In addition, they are cost-effective, due to the advantages of mass-fabrication. Therefore, the astronomical community has pursued this direction very positively and built a wide variety of instruments from the near-ultraviolet (NUV) [10] to mid-infrared (MIR) wavebands [11]. As an example of the growth of astrophotonics, Figure 1 shows the number of citations of papers related to astrophotonic spectrographs. However, the current technical know-how is still far from complete or ideal, leaving many challenges that will likely be addressed in the near future.In this paper, we focus on the recent developments in the field of astrophotonic spectrographs. To paint a complete picture, in Sections 2 and 3, respectively, we briefly discuss the steps to channel the light from the telescope to the spectrograph and condition it. Photonic dispersion concepts, and their implementation and challenges are described in Section 4. In Section 5, we discuss new developments in calibration and detection that are particularly of interest to astrophotonic spectrographs. Lastly, in Section 6, we summarize and discuss the impact of photonic spectrogr...

show abstract

Section: Challenges and The Futurementioning

confidence: 99%

Astrophotonic Spectrographs

2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Some high-performance on-chip spectrometers have recently been demonstrated on silicon PICs, such as Fourier transform spectrometer (FTS) [13,14] and arrayed-waveguide grating spectrometer (AWGS) [15]. The silicon FTS typically consumes a significant power (at the watt scale [13,14]) for the thermal tuning of waveguide delay. Such a high power raises concerns about reliability and scalability for a lab-on-a-chip system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chip-scale full-Stokes spectropolarimeter in silicon photonic circuits

Lin¹,

Dadalyan²,

Villers³

et al. 2020

Photon. Res.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Wavelength-dependent polarization state of light carries crucial information about light-matter interactions. However, its measurement is limited to bulky, energy-consuming devices, which prohibits many modern, portable applications. Here, we propose and demonstrate a chip-scale spectropolarimeter implemented using a CMOS-compatible silicon photonics technology. Four compact Vernier microresonator spectrometers are monolithically integrated with a broadband polarimeter consisting of a 2D nanophotonic antenna and a polarimetric circuit to achieve full-Stokes spectropolarimetric analysis. The proposed device offers a solid-state spectropolarimetry solution with a small footprint of 1 × 0.6 mm 2 and low power consumption of 360 mW. Full-Stokes spectral detection across a broad spectral range of 50 nm with a resolution of 1 nm is demonstrated in characterizing a material possessing structural chirality. The proposed device may enable a broader application of spectropolarimetry in the fields ranging from biomedical diagnostics and chemical analysis to observational astronomy.

show abstract

“…Therefore, microscale optical spectroscopy is attracting increasing interest [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11] . Many of the reported solutions are limited to the visible spectral range [2][3][4] , while those addressing the near-infrared range have a very limited spectral range 5,7,8 . In addition, very few attempts extend to the mid-infrared 9,10 , and those that do still have a very limited bandwidth.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Considering the miniaturization format, MEMS-based FTIR spectrometers using different architectures have already been implemented, such as the Michelson interferometer 14 , lamellar grating 31 , Mach-Zehnder interferometer 8,32 , moving wedge interferometer 33 , low finesse Fabry-Pérot interferometer 34 and cascaded Fabry-Pérot interferometers 35 . However, all the reported solutions have a limited spectral resolution.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

On-chip parallel Fourier transform spectrometer for broadband selective infrared spectral sensing

Fathy

Sabry

Nazeer³

et al. 2020

Microsyst Nanoeng

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Optical spectrometers enable contactless chemical analysis. However, decreasing both their size and cost appears to be a prerequisite to their widespread deployment. Chip-scale implementation of optical spectrometers still requires tackling two main challenges. First, operation over a broad spectral range extending to the infrared is required to enable covering the molecular absorption spectrum of a broad variety of materials. This is addressed in our work with an Micro-Electro Mechanical Systems (MEMS)-based Fourier transform infrared spectrometer with an embedded movable micro-mirror on a silicon chip. Second, fine spectral resolution Δλ is also required to facilitate screening over several chemicals. A fundamental limit states that Δλ is inversely proportional to the mirror motion range, which cannot exceed the chip size. To boost the spectral resolution beyond this limit, we propose the concept of parallel (or multi-core) FTIR, where multiple interferometers provide complementary optical paths using the same actuator and within the same chip. The concept scalability is validated with 4 interferometers, leading to approximately 3 times better spectral resolution. After the atmospheric contents of a greenhouse gas are monitored, the methane absorption bands are successfully measured and discriminated using the presented device.

show abstract

Fourier transform spectrometer on silicon with thermo-optic non-linearity and dispersion correction

Cited by 142 publications

References 40 publications

Astrophotonic Spectrographs

Astrophotonic Spectrographs

Chip-scale full-Stokes spectropolarimeter in silicon photonic circuits

On-chip parallel Fourier transform spectrometer for broadband selective infrared spectral sensing

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About