Fractionation of cellulases from the ruminal fungus Neocallimastix frontalis EB188

Abstract

Cellulases from the ruminal fungus Neocallimastixfrontalis EB188 were separated by using hydroxylapatite column chromatography. Seven carboxymethylcellulases, six avicelases, and four 3-glucosidases accounted for the majority of the activities. The separation of enzymes was confirmed by using polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Electrophoretic migration, analysis of hydrolysis products, and substrate specificity measurements suggested that several different cellulases were secreted in N. frontalis EB188. The possible relationship of cellulase diversity to protein glycosylation is discussed.

Monocentric and polycentric anaerobic fungi produce structurally related cellulases and xylanases

“…Since the first report of an anaerobic fungus (26), more than a dozen morphologically distinct anaerobic fungi have been isolated from the alimentary tracts of herbivores and other environments (32). Anaerobic fungi, placed in the class Chytridiomycetes (22), have distinct ultrastructural and biochemical features that distinguish them from aerobic fungi; e.g., hydrogenosomes instead of mitochondria are involved in energy generation (35) and they possess highly active plant cell wall-degrading enzyme systems (7,24,25,31). Based on morphological patterns, anaerobic fungi have been classified into two groups, monocentric and polycentric (6).…”

Nucleotide and protein researches on anaerobic fungi during four decades

“…The glycosidase activities in the culture supernatant of Neocallimastix frontalis (N. frontalis) using filter paper or avicel as substrate were compared [65] and the substrate conditions were expanded to natural fiber including wheat straw [6], Italian ryegrass [66] and maize stem [67]. The β -glu cosidase [68] and xylanases [69] from N. frontalis were purified and characterized through the biochemical procedure using chromatograms and cellulases (celA, celB, and celC) from Neocallimastix patriciarum (N. patriciarum) were produced through molecular procedure using cDNA clon-ing and consecutive heterologous expression in Escherichia coli [70]. Later, xylanase and mannanase from Piromyces [51], cellulase and xylanases from Orpinomyces [71], xylanases from Anaeromyces [72] and cellulase from Pecoramyces [73] were reported.…”

Cellulases of Mesophilic Microorganisms

“…Habitat: rumen and intestinal tract of large herbivorous animals Anaeromyces mucronatus 543 40 Caecomyces communis 41 Cyllamyces aberensis 42 Neocallimastix frontalis 43 Orpinomyces sp. 44 Piromyces sp.…”