Free convection diffusion flames from burning solid fuels

Sibulkin, Merwin

doi:10.1016/0360-1285(88)90009-3

Cited by 15 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Similar results are also obtained at other flow turbulence intensities. The functional dependence of the regression rate on the flow velocity is also in agreement with the predictions from boundary layer mass burning analyses [1,7,8]. As the flow velocity is increased, the boundary layer becomes thinner and the flame moves closer to the fuel surface.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 80%

“…[6] have developed a numerical analysis of the problem that removes both the boundary layer and flame sheet approximations. Further details on the problem can be found in the reviews of Pagni [7] and Sibulkin [8]. The theoretical formulation of the turbulent free convective burning of a vertical fuel surface has been developed by Kennedy and Plumb [9] and Tamanini [10] using infinite chemistry and Sibulkin [8] using finite rate kinetics.…”

Section: ~T E 11mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Further details on the problem can be found in the reviews of Pagni [7] and Sibulkin [8]. The theoretical formulation of the turbulent free convective burning of a vertical fuel surface has been developed by Kennedy and Plumb [9] and Tamanini [10] using infinite chemistry and Sibulkin [8] using finite rate kinetics. Experimental measurement and analysis can also be found from works done by Ahmad and Faeth [11], De Ris and Orloff [12] and Orloff et.…”

Section: ~T E 11mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Turbulent Burning Of A Flat Fuel Surface

Zhou¹,

Fernandez‐Pello²

1991

Fire Saf. Sci.

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Experiments have been conducted to study the effect of flow velocity and gridgenerated turbulence intensity on the surface regression rate of thick PMMA sheets burning in a forced air flow. All the tests are carried out in a laboratory-scale combustion tunnel with flow velocities ranging from 1 m/s to 4 m/s and turbulence intensities from 1% to 20%. It is found that for all turbulence intensities, the regression rate decreases with the distance from the fuel sheet upstream edge, and increases with the flow velocity, in agreement with boundary layer analyses of the process. It is also found that flow turbulence has a strong influence on the surface regression rate due primarily to an enhancement of the heat transfer from the flame to the fuel that is caused by turbulence generated flame fluctuations. It is shown that the experimental data can be correlated in terms of a non-dimensional mass burning rate, m" Lx/(A (Tj-Tp,» that is approximately linearly proportional to the turbulent flow parameter ((u'/u)~Re,?•8F5. The good correlation of the data in terms of these parameters indicate the potential predictive capabilities of theoretical models of the process that incorporate the flow turbulence through an eddy viscosity, and thermal and mass diffusivities. Explicit expressions for the laminar and turbulent mass burning rates in terms of the solid fuel and flow properties are reported. NOMENCLATURE a Constant c p Gas specific heat f Normalized stream function L Heat of pyrolysis M Molecular weight rn" Mass burning rate Q" Heat of combustion qc Convective surface heat flux cir" Radiative surface heat flux Re, Reynolds number, u., xlv r Surface regression rate l' Temperature u Velocity parallel to the fuel surface (u'/u)~Turbulence intensity at the free stream v Velocity normal to the fuel surface x Coordinate parallel to the fuel surface Y, Mass fraction y Coordinate normal to the fuel surface Z Mixture fraction, (p-P~)/(Pp-~~)

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 80%

Section: ~T E 11mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: ~T E 11mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Turbulent Burning Of A Flat Fuel Surface

Zhou¹,

Fernandez‐Pello²

1991

Fire Saf. Sci.

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“…Adding reactions explicitly to the fluid mechanics leads to the field of combustion and gives access to the classic studies of reacting boundary layers (63)(64)(65). Several reviews are available (66)(67)(68). Laminar systems are well understood and serve to identify the parameters important to systems in which energy feedback from the flame provides pyrolysis products for burning.…”

Section: Flows Within Compartments and 3 Flows Atmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fire Physics - Promises, Problems, And Progress

Pagni¹

1989

Fire Safety Science - Proceedings of the 2nd International Symp

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“…percent of NaOH raised the oxygen index from 0.18 to over 0.30. Diffusion flame theory, e.g., Sibulkin [3], can be used to predict the burning behavior of solid fuels including extinction limits. However, in order to obtain useful results from such a theory, a set of inputs must be provided which specify the material properties of the fuel and ambient gas mixture.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects Of Fire Retardant Additin On The Combustion Properties Of A Charring Fuel

Chen¹,

Frendi²,

Tewari³

et al. 1991

Fire Safety Science - Proceedings of the Third International Sy

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Results are presented which show the effect of fire retardant addition on the fuel related properties used in diffusion flame calculations. Samples of cellulose retarded with up to 3 wt, percent of sodium hydroxide were subjected to a radiant heat flux of 40 kW/m 2 in a special apparatus designed for this purpose. The volatile products of pyrolysis were analyzed using a gas chromatograph to determine the concentration of inert gases (carbon dioxide and water). Retardant addition was found to increase both the char yield and the production of inert gases. This results in a decrease in the fuel fraction in the pyrolysate from 69 wt. percent for pure cellulose to 35 wt. percent for retarded cellulose. The corresponding change in the stoichiometric oxygen/fuel ratio is from 1.6 for pure cellulose to a maximum of 2.3 for retarded cellulose. Retardant addition also causes a decrease in the heat of gasification (defined as the energy input to generate a unit mass of volatiles) and an increase in the heat of combustion of the combustible gases in the pyrolysate.

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Free convection diffusion flames from burning solid fuels

Cited by 15 publications

References 21 publications

Turbulent Burning Of A Flat Fuel Surface

Turbulent Burning Of A Flat Fuel Surface

Fire Physics - Promises, Problems, And Progress

Effects Of Fire Retardant Additin On The Combustion Properties Of A Charring Fuel

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