Freeform surface design for high-efficient LED low-beam headlamp lens

Zhu, Zhengbo; Wei, Shili; Liu, Ronghua; Hong, Zhikun; Zheng, Zengqiang; Fan, Zichao; Ma, Donglin

doi:10.1016/j.optcom.2020.126269

Cited by 11 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…With the continuous progress of semiconductor technology, LED gradually replaces the traditional light source and becomes an important choice for lamps [14][15][16], which provides a hardware basis for realizing VLC. When the vehicle is driving on the road, the headlamps or taillights between the front and rear vehicles can be used as the transmitter, and the receiver can be installed on another vehicle, and the light emitted by the LED can reach the receiver directly through the line-of-sight (LOS) link [17][18][19][20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Optimal Scheme for the Number of Mirrors in Vehicular Visible Light Communication via Mirror Array-Based Intelligent Reflecting Surfaces

et al. 2022

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The optimization problem of the number of mirrors under energy efficiency (EE) maximization for vehicular visible light communication (VVLC) via mirror array-based intelligent reflecting surface (IRS) is investigated. Under considering that the formulated optimization problem is subject to the real and non-negative of the transmitted signal, the maximum power consumption satisfied luminous ability and eye safety, the minimum achievable rate, and the required bit error ratio (BER), EE is proved to be a unimodal function of the number of mirrors. Then, the binary search-conditional iteration (BSCI) algorithm is proposed for quickly finding the optimal number of mirrors with maximum EE. Numerical results demonstrate that fewer mirrors can obtain the maximum EE, and the computational complexity of the BSCI algorithm is reduced by 105 orders of magnitude, compared with the Bubble Sort method.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Optimal Scheme for the Number of Mirrors in Vehicular Visible Light Communication via Mirror Array-Based Intelligent Reflecting Surfaces

et al. 2022

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“…High beam is long-range illumination to a driver, but it can be used only when there is no people ahead of the driven vehicle. The fog light is used only in the foggy condition, and the illumination is for the close area 13 – 16 . For a driver, high beam is the best solution to provide clear vision, but it can be used in a very limited condition.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

GaN-based mini-LED matrix applied to multi-functional forward lighting

Nguyen

Lin

Sun

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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In this paper, we propose and demonstrate to use of a single reflector with 68 segments to project vehicle low beam and high beam with the use of a GaN-based mini-LED matrix, which is a 5 × 6 LED die array. The design of the reflector is based on light field technology in considering etendue from the light source across the segments. The group of the segments with smaller etendue from the LED dies in the bottom 2 rows are used to project low beams. When the other LED dies are turned on, the reflector will project light upward and form the high beam. The selection of the turn-on LED dies in the mini-LED matrix can adjust the width of the illumination pattern so that an adaptive low/high beam can be performed. Besides, to extend the functionality of the headlamp module, we propose to dispense IR phosphor on LED dies in the high-beam zone of the GaN-based mini-LED matrix. Thus the vehicle can emit IR high beam, which can be imaged through a camera and can be incorporated with machine vision for an autonomous vehicle without using a complicated adaptive headlight to avoid glare. The proposed multi-function in spatial and spectral domains will be helpful to various applications with use of a mini-LED matrix.

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“…The design of headlight low beams must comply with the ECE R112 regulation [31,32]. Another notable point is that the optical design of headlights can potentially be applied to other light sources because the dimensions of an LED die are considerably smaller than those of a conventional light source [33][34][35]. With the advancement of technology, LED headlights can now provide partial shading, such that a direct LED light is less astigmatic; furthermore, road conditions can now be detected at all times through a sensing module, thus providing drivers with optimal and safe lighting in any driving environment [36].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Radiator with Thermoplastic Polymer and Insert-Molded Aluminum Alloy Parts for Light-Emitting Diode Headlights

Chen

Chang²,

Hu³

et al. 2022

Applied Sciences

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The increasing popularity of electric vehicles has increased the demand for lightweight auto parts. However, the excessive weight of traditional metal heat sinks has remained a concern. Metal has excellent thermal conductivity but low radiation efficiency. Conversely, thermoplastic polymers have excellent heat radiation efficiency but poor thermal conductivity. In this study, we propose a radiator constructed using thermoplastic polymer and insert-molded aluminum alloy parts to maintain the low junction temperature of light-emitting diodes (LEDs); the radiator’s weight is reduced through a combination of aluminum alloy and a thermally conductive polymer designed for automotive headlights. At an LED thermal load of 11.48 W, the measured temperature on the LED pad is 60.8 °C. The weight of the proposed radiator is 23.37% lighter than that of a pure metal radiator. When the lightweight radiator is used in high-power LED headlights, it effectively dissipates heat within a limited space.

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Freeform surface design for high-efficient LED low-beam headlamp lens

Cited by 11 publications

References 26 publications

An Optimal Scheme for the Number of Mirrors in Vehicular Visible Light Communication via Mirror Array-Based Intelligent Reflecting Surfaces

An Optimal Scheme for the Number of Mirrors in Vehicular Visible Light Communication via Mirror Array-Based Intelligent Reflecting Surfaces

GaN-based mini-LED matrix applied to multi-functional forward lighting

Development of Radiator with Thermoplastic Polymer and Insert-Molded Aluminum Alloy Parts for Light-Emitting Diode Headlights

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