Hydrophobic
deep eutectic solvents (DESs) are a new generation
of water immiscible solvents that have been presented in the literature
for the first time in 2015. These solvents have been used for many
applications. Here, an overview is given regarding hydrophobic DESs
with their physicochemical properties, applications, and the challenges
and limitations that the field currently is experiencing. First, a
general introduction and an introduction to hydrophobic DESs are presented
to explain more about DESs, their origin, and hydrophobic ones. Here,
also, an overview of all the hydrophobic DESs presented in the literature
is given. After the introduction, physicochemical properties such
as density, viscosity, melting point, degradation temperature, volatilities,
and solvatochromic properties are discussed. It is continued with
the discussion of 21 different applications of hydrophobic DESs. In
general, applications related to liquid–liquid extractions,
liquid–liquid microextractions, formation of two and three
phase systems, removal of components from leaves, gas–liquid
extractions, formation of hydrogels, membrane formation, centrifugal
partition chromatography, formation of a ferrofluid, coating, photoluminescence,
and dye-sensitized solar cells, and catalysis have been investigated.
Finally, challenges and limitations of hydrophobic DESs are discussed.