Frequency of Oral Sub Mucous Fibrosis and Its Correlation with the Level of Education in Patients Coming to a Tertiary Care Hospital of Karachi from January 2018 to December 2018

Abstract

Objective: To determine the frequency of oral submucous fibrosis in patients coming to dental OPD of a tertiary care hospital and to correlate the association of level of education among patients of oral submucous fibrosis.Methodology: A cross sectional study was conducted from January 2018 to December 2018 among patients coming to the dental OPD of a tertiary care hospital in Karachi. Convenience sampling was used to select patients of Oral Submucous Fibrosis and a structured questionnaire was used to collect data on level of education, age, gender and Habit. Result: A total of 4405 patients visited the OPD and 135 patients were diagnosed with OSMF based on clinical findings. Mean age of OSMF patients was 33.6 years with nearly half 47.7% having no formal education.43.2% were skilled workers followed by 34.8% housewives and 22% were professionals. Betel nut was the most common used habit 79.5% among OSMF patients. Significant association of betelnut (p-0.001) among females(94.5%) compared to males (68.8%) and significant association of gutka (p-0.004) among males(24.7%) than females (5.5%)was observed. No significant association of level of education with substance abuse was observed. Conclusion: The finding of high frequency of betel nut usage among housewives and gutka among skilled workers is alarm some. Our literacy level despite being very low is not the sole reason of increase of substance abuse rather even the educated ones are not at par with this habit.

Influence of Risk Habits on Demographic Factors and its Impact on Oral Submucous Fibrosis

“…In the present study, there were 59.04% males and 40.96% females with male to female ratio being 1.4:1 which is similar to findings of Tariq et al 17 , Hosein et al 19 , and Memon et al 21 conducted in Pakistan. However, these findings are inconsistent with recent literature in India as reported by Saalim et al 18 and Gondivkar et al 22 , where male to female ratio was 6.4:1 and 7.5:1 respectively.…”

“…As far as role of education with use of areca nut and tobacco is concerned, 53% of OSMF patients presenting with history of risk habits were uneducated or had primary education while 38% had higher secondary education and 8.4% patients were graduate. These findings are according to study by Memon et al 17 , and Tariq et al 21 However, results are different from study of Gondivkar et al 22 showed more prevalence in graduates (32.0%).…”

Efficacy of Curcumin in Combination with Intralesional Dexamethasone with Hyaluronidase in the Treatment of Oral Submucous Fibrosis: A Randomized Controlled Trial

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In a recent study conducted by Tariq et al, (2020), majority of OSF patients consumed betel nut every day, average consumption being six packets per day for nine years (Tariq et al, 2020). Betel nut chewing

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Oral Mucosal Lesions’ propensity as an Outcome Eventuated by Exhaled Carbon Monoxide (CO) Levels and Nicotine Dependency

“…(World Health Organization, 2020). Several studies have established the association between tobacco, potentially malignant disorders and oral cancer stating that most oral cancers result from tobacco smoking or using tobacco in other forms (Awan and Patil, 2016;Gupta et al, 2017;Asthana et al, 2019;Mello et al, 2019;Tariq et al,…”