Fruit Quality Properties of the Local Apple Varieties of Anatolia

Abstract

The importance of biochemical content of fruits in human health and nutrition is understood more and more day by day. In this study, new local varieties were added to apple genetic resources and the correlation between biochemical contents and agro-morphological properties of fruits belonging to them was revealed. It was observed that the total phenolics amount varied between 20.13 (“Bag”) mg GAE kg−1 and 80.59 (“Yeşil”) mg GAE kg−1. The highest total antioxidant capacity was determined as 90.96% in “Yeşil” variety. Potassium (K) content, which is among the macronutrients, was determined as the highest value in “Bağ” variety (7993.31 mg kg−1) and in “Zuza” variety (7983.31 mg kg−1). It was determined that the Fe content (iron) varied between as 14.17 mg kg−1 (“Zuza”) and 5.75 mg kg−1 (“Bağ”) and was higher than other micronutrients. In the light of the results obtained in this study, it was concluded that fruits belonging to new local apple varieties are rich in biochemical contents and these varieties can be used as genetic resources in plant breeding studies.

Phenolics and Mineral Elements Composition in Underutilized Apple Varieties

“…Among the underutilized varieties, 'Nesta' showed a higher level of Ca compared to 'Golden Delicious'. Our data of macro elements (Ca, K and Mg) and micro elements (Cu, Fe, Mn, and Zn) concentrations agree with those obtained by Macit et al [26] on apple varieties in Anatolia. K was the most abundant with an overall mean concentration of 8013 µg g −1 FW.…”

Fruit Quality Parameters, Sugars, Vitamin C, Antioxidant Activity, Organic Acids, and Phenolic Compounds for a New Endemic Apple Variety, “Long Apple”

“…Karatas et al (2021) [29], reported that apple fruits are known for their low vitamin C concentration and found low vitamin C content ranging from 5.6 to 9.3 mg 100 g −1 in 20 summer apple genotypes compared to our study. Macit et al (2021) [7], found that vitamin C varied from 2.31 to 7.66 mg 100 g −1 for investigated 8 local apple varieties. Średnicka-Tober et al (2020) [44], stated that vitamin C content in fruits was highly dependent on differences in fruit growing conditions.…”

“…As the homeland of many horticultural plants, Anatolia, which has a great number of apple varieties, may be one of the origins and natural spreading areas of apples. Türkiye's wide biodiversity richness emphasizes its global importance [6][7][8].…”

Total Polyphenolic, Flavonoid Contents and Antioxidant Capacity of Homemade Kara Sakı Apple Vinegar Produced by Traditional Method Using Different Yeast Materials

“…Apple is one of the most consumed and most traded pome fruits worldwide. Thanks to the antioxidant aspects of the polyphenols comprised in apple fruits, it is believed that they can help diminish the threat of cancer, obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular and hypertension diseases (Sampath et al, 2017;Opyd et al, 2017;Macit et al, 2021). Apple is an opulent source of phenolic ingredientd and antioxidants substances (Wolfe & Liu, 2003).…”