Fucoidan – An α-amylase inhibitor from Sargassum wightii with relevance to NIDDM

Toxicological evaluation of Sargassum Wightii greville derived fucoidan in wistar rats: Haematological, biochemical and histopathological evidences

“…Reduction in glucose level in animals treated with fucoidan may be correlated to the previously reported hypoglycemic potential particularly alpha glucosidase and alpha amylase inhibitory activity of both S. wightii extract and isolated fucoidan [ [41] , [42] , [43] ]. Alterations in the level of cholesterol can indicate any changes associated with lipid metabolism [ 44 ].…”

Fucoidans in Nanomedicine

“…Fucoidans, especially fucoidans with high sulfation content, inhibit α-glucosidase and α-amylase, two digestive enzymes, increasing or interrupting the absorption delay of glucose. The most sulfated fractions have an inhibitory effect more pronounced than the less sulfated ones and electrostatic interactions are likely involved [112,113]. In tissues, fucoidans have an effect on several enzymes responsible for mitosis or cellular apoptosis such as caspases-3, -8 and -9 or mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and their inhibitors [91,92,102], enhancing or silencing these factors in opposite ways in cancer cells or healthy cells (protective effect).…”

Inhibitory effects of a low-molecular-weight sulfated fucose-containing saccharide on α-amylase and α-glucosidase prepared from ascophyllan

“…20 The strong band observed at 1245.16 cm −1 was derived from the asymmetric stretching vibrations of SO, indicating the presence of sulfate esters. 25 The weak absorption peak around 855.79 cm −1 , hidden by the strong band approximately 833.08 cm −1 , indicated the presence of C–O–S, which further suggested that most of the sulfate groups of LMWAs-H were at the axial C-2 or C-4 position of fucose. 20 The bands between 1000 cm −1 and 1200 cm −1 reflected the existence of a pyranose ring.…”

“…Some small bands and shoulders were observed around 2944.70 cm −1 , which were mainly caused by the C–H stretching in pyranoid rings in the methyl of fucose and galactose. 25 The characteristic absorption peaks at 1612.64 cm −1 and 1415.74 cm −1 were attributed to CO asymmetrical and symmetrical stretching vibrations of uronic acid. 20 The strong band observed at 1245.16 cm −1 was derived from the asymmetric stretching vibrations of SO, indicating the presence of sulfate esters.…”

“…20 The bands between 1000 cm −1 and 1200 cm −1 reflected the existence of a pyranose ring. 25 In addition, the absence of absorption peaks around 895.00 cm −1 and the presence of absorption peaks at 833.08 cm −1 , indicated that α- d -pyranosidic (C 1 –H) linkages commonly existed in LMWAs-H. 20…”