Fulleropyrrolidinium Iodide As an Efficient Electron Transport Layer for Air-Stable Planar Perovskite Solar Cells

Abstract

Organic-inorganic halide perovskite solar cells have attracted great attention in recent years. But there are still a lot of unresolved issues related to the perovskite solar cells such as the phenomenon of anomalous hysteresis characteristics and long-term stability of the devices. Here, we developed a simple three-layered efficient perovskite device by replacing the commonly employed PCBM electrical transport layer with an ultrathin fulleropyrrolidinium iodide (C-bis) in an inverted p-i-n architecture. The devices with an ultrathin C-bis electronic transport layer yield an average power conversion efficiency of 13.5% and a maximum efficiency of 15.15%. Steady-state photoluminescence (PL) and time-resolved photoluminescence (TRPL) measurements show that the high performance is attributed to the efficient blocking of holes and high extraction efficiency of electrons by C-bis, due to a favorable energy level alignment between the CHNHPbI and the Ag electrodes. The hysteresis effect and stability of our perovskite solar cells with C-bis become better under indoor humidity conditions.

Recent Progress in Organic Electron Transport Materials in Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells

“…The enhancement was mainly derived from the increasing of J sc to 20.71 mA cm −2 from 17.91 mA cm −2 , which can be ascribed to the effective electron extraction and hole blocking at the interface between the perovskite and C60‐bis layers. Such results are confirmed by steady state and time resolved photoluminescence (TRPL) . Li group demonstrated the importance of doping or the modification of PCBM to overcome its limitation such as current leakage and poor coverage.…”

“…These derivatives showed high performance as ETLs in polymer solar cell with PCE reached to 10.82% and as cathodic interfacial layer in perovskite solar cell with PCE 19% . Yu and co‐workers replaced PCBM with ultrathin fulleropyrrolidinium iodide (C60‐bis) in an inverted p–i–n PSC . The C60‐bis‐based device showed a PCE of 15.15%, higher than the PCE of PCBM‐based devices (12.33%).…”

Acquiring High‐Performance and Stable Mixed‐Dimensional Perovskite Solar Cells by Using a Transition‐Metal‐Substituted Pb Precursor

“…[9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16] Recently,m any efforts have been proposed to enhancet he light, heat, and moisture stability of PSCs, such as trying different electron transport layers (ETLs), synthesizing new hole transport materials (HTMs), incorporating suitable inorganic cations (Cs + or Rb + ), and introducing additives,and so on. [17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24] In addition, there is more and more research that is devoted to eliminating the toxicityo fP SCs. [25][26][27][28][29][30] Hao et al fabricated a tin-based perovskite (CH 3 NH 3 SnX 3 )s olar cell, which only exhibited aP CE of 6.4 %a nd had low stability owing to the oxidation of Sn 2 + into Sn 4 + .…”

Adjusting the Introduction of Cations for Highly Efficient and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells Based on (FAPbI3)0.9(FAPbBr3)0.1

“…[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9] Recently,t he certified powerc onversion efficiency (PCE) in the laboratory has increased to 22.7 %, [10] which has surpassedt he records of the second-generation solar cells held by copper indium gallium selenide (CIGS)/CdTea nd still continuously improving. [12][13][14][15] More and more attempts have been made to enhancet he humidity andt emperature stability of PSCs, such as changing the electron-transporting materials (ETM), [16,17] introducing additives into the light absorber layer, [18][19][20][21] and employingi norganic hole-transporting materials (HTM) without dopant. [12][13][14][15] More and more attempts have been made to enhancet he humidity andt emperature stability of PSCs, such as changing the electron-transporting materials (ETM), [16,17] introducing additives into the light absorber layer, [18][19][20][21] and employingi norganic hole-transporting materials (HTM) without dopant.…”

“…[11] Unfortunately,t he poor stabilityo fP SCs under high humidity and temperature have been reported to impede their commercialized development. [12][13][14][15] More and more attempts have been made to enhancet he humidity andt emperature stability of PSCs, such as changing the electron-transporting materials (ETM), [16,17] introducing additives into the light absorber layer, [18][19][20][21] and employingi norganic hole-transporting materials (HTM) without dopant. [22,23] Among these efforts, obtaining as table perovskite material by compositional engineering is one of the simplest and most essential methods.…”