Fulminating vibrio parahemolyticus septicemia. A syndrome of erythemia multiforme, hemolytic anemia, and hypotension

Zide, N.

doi:10.1001/archinte.133.3.479

Cited by 22 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…At this time, it is not possible to state definitively that the toxin(s) has a role in the pathogenesis of disease caused by the bacterium; however, two observations suggest that such is the case and prompt further investigation of the subject. First, the pharmacological activities of the toxin(s) (cytolytic, vascular permeability factor, and lethal activities) are consistent with the described pathological features (4,10,18,20,22,25) of naturally occurring and experimentally induced disease caused by the bacterium (extensive local edema and tissue necrosis, necrotizing vasculitis, hemolytic anemia, and death). Second, virulent strains of the bacterium produce significantly more of the toxin(s) than does a weakly virulent strain.…”

Section: Figsupporting

confidence: 66%

Detection of extracellular toxin(s) produced by Vibrio vulnificus

Kreger¹,

Lockwood²

1981

Infect Immun

197

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Conditions are described for the production, in high titers, of heat-labile, antigenic, extracellular toxin(s) by Vibrio vulnificus, a recently recognized human pathogen. Bacteriologically sterile culture filtrate preparations obtained from mid-logarithmic-phase cultures of the bacterium possessed cytolytic activity against mammalian erythrocytes, cytotoxic activity for Chinese hamster ovary cells, vascular permeability factor activity in guinea pig skin, and lethal activity for mice. The specific activity of toxin preparations from cultures of a virulent strain of the bacterium was ca. 25-fold more than that of toxin preparations obtained from cultures of a weakly virulent strain. The four toxic activities were inseparable by gel filtration with Sephadex G-100; however, two components, which had markedly different elution behavior but which possessed the four activities mentioned above, were obtained. The major (ca. 88% of recovered activity) and minor components had apparent molecular weights of ca. 38,500 and >150,000, respectively. Vibrio vulnificus, also called "lactose-positive Vibrio species" and Beneckea uulnifica (2, 9), is a halophilic bacterium which has been erroneously identified as V. parahaemolyticus, "unnamed marine vibrio," and "halophilic, noncholera vibrio" (4, 10, 22-25), but is now known to be a distinct etiological agent of wound infections, septicemia, meningitis, pneumonia, and keratitis (4, 6, 7, 10, 11, 13, 16, 18-20). Published data concerning the pathogenesis of disease caused by V. vulnificus, presented in the papers cited above and summarized in a recent review article (5), consist of information concerning the portals of entry of the bacterium, the host factors which predispose to disease, and the pathological features of naturally occurring disease in humans and of experimentally induced disease in mice. However, previous publications have not dealt with the possible role(s) of bacterial products in causing the extensive tissue damage and the often rapidly fatal outcome characteristic of V. vulnificus-induced disease. In this

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Section: Figsupporting

confidence: 66%

Detection of extracellular toxin(s) produced by Vibrio vulnificus

Kreger¹,

Lockwood²

1981

Infect Immun

197

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“…New developments in bacterial taxonomy have made it difficult to determine the exact number of clinical reports of extraintestinal V. parahaemolyticus infections. Some organisms originally reported as noncholera vibrios or V. parahaemolyticus have subsequently been identified as V. vulnificus (3,11,16,18). Other organisms reported as V. parahaemolyticus have not been tested for the Kanagawa reaction on Wagatsuma agar (7, 9, 10).…”

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confidence: 99%

Wound infection caused by Kanagawa-negative Vibrio parahaemolyticus

Johnson¹,

Weinberg²,

Ciarkowski³

et al. 1984

J Clin Microbiol

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Kanagawa-positive Vibrio parahaemolyticus strains are considered to be human pathogens and are most commonly associated with summer diarrhea. Kanagawa-negative strains are most frequently isolated from the environment and are generally considered to be nonpathogens. We report a wound infection caused by a Kanagawa-negative V. parahaemolyticus strain. The infection occurred in October, an unusual time of the year for a V. parahaemolyticus infection to occur in the mid-Atlantic region of the United States.

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“…These isolates occurred in superficial sites, primarily related to infections caused by swimming.Vibrio parahaemolyticus initially attracted attention as a cause of gastroenteritis associated with inadequately cooked seafoods in such areas as Southeast Asia, England, Japan, the Atlantic seaboard, the Gulf of Mexico, and the Pacific Northwest (1, 3). Recently, halophilic Vibrio species have been described from extraintestinal sources, including wounds (7, 10-12, 14), spinal fluid (5), and blood (7,14,15).Hawaii experienced a large outbreak of Vibrio gastroenteritis in 1972, from raw crab ingestion (1). We reviewed Vibrio isolations of three Honolulu hospitals (Straub Clinic, Kaiser Foundation, and Kauikeolani Children's Hospital) from 1973 to 1976.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Vibrio parahaemolyticus initially attracted attention as a cause of gastroenteritis associated with inadequately cooked seafoods in such areas as Southeast Asia, England, Japan, the Atlantic seaboard, the Gulf of Mexico, and the Pacific Northwest (1, 3). Recently, halophilic Vibrio species have been described from extraintestinal sources, including wounds (7, 10-12, 14), spinal fluid (5), and blood (7,14,15).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%