Functional Aspects of Satellite DNA and Heterochromatin

John, Bernard; Miklos, George L. Gabor

doi:10.1016/s0074-7696(08)61473-4

Cited by 383 publications

(140 citation statements)

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“…Moreover, each variant class is tandemly clustered on the chromosome, physically separated from other variants. Such an arrangement as well as the existence of an undecamer within the basic units argues strongly for the evolution of the Ascaris satellite from a common ancestral sequence by the mechanism of sequence divergence followed by an amplification mechanism, as has been proposed already for other satellites (28)(29)(30)32). In a first step, the 120 bp segments evolved from the ancestral undecamer sequence.…”

Section: Structure and Organization Of The Satellite Dnamentioning

confidence: 58%

“…In Notophtalmus viridescens, transcription may initiate at promotor sites for histone genes which are embedded within variable stretches of satellite DNA sequences, and then proceed into the downstream satellite DNA sequences (35,36). Other functions that have been suggested for satellite DNA, not involving its transcription, are mainly based on its general association with heterochromatin (for review see [28][29][30][31][32] Nucleic Acids Research have to assume that the same function could be exerted in somatic tissues by the few remaining copies, which seems to be rather unlikely.…”

Section: Structure and Organization Of The Satellite Dnamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nucleotide sequence of satellite DNA contained in the eliminated genome ofAscaris lumbricoides

et al. 1982

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Section: Structure and Organization Of The Satellite Dnamentioning

confidence: 58%

Section: Structure and Organization Of The Satellite Dnamentioning

confidence: 99%

Nucleotide sequence of satellite DNA contained in the eliminated genome ofAscaris lumbricoides

et al. 1982

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“…Spread may have been aided by meiotic drive, detected so far in SS1 of R. acetosa (Wilby and Parker, in press). A further possibility is that chromosomes 1, 5 and 6 carry sequences on their short arms which are capable of undergoing amplification (John and Miklos, 1979). If this is the case then there must be constraints on the number of copies since the segment sizes are very similar in all species.…”

Section: Autosomal Polymorphismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recurrent patterns of chromosome variation in a species group

Wilby

Parker

1988

Heredity

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The chromosome characteristics of five closely-related species in Rumex subgenus Acetosa are considered. All are dioecious diploids with 2n = 12+XX in females and 2n = 12+XY1Y2 in males. The autosomes of all species are very similar, all highly acrocentric and displaying apparent homoeology, and only two chromosome changes have occurred in the evolution of the group -shift of an NOR and deletion of part of the long arm of chromosome 6. The heterochromatic V-chromosomes are more variable and only two species cannot be identified by examination of the Vs alone. Hypervariability in centromere location is characteristic of Vs in the whole subgenus although there is no quantitative variation in heterochromatin. On the autosomes, parallel polymorphisms for heterochromatic supernumerary segments on the short arms of pairs 1, 5 and 6 are found in 4 of the 5 species, and euchromatic B-chromosomes are common in three species. These recurrent patterns of chromosome variation emphasise the close relationships within the species group.

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“…The vari ation in such "short-arm" heterochromatin is particularly impressive in the rodent genera Peromyscus and Onychomys Barnett 1981). The function(s) of constitutive heterochromatin are essentially unknown although several hypotheses have been forwarded, some of which are supported by empirical data (John and Miklos 1979). Because many if not most species appear to differ trenchantly in C-band amount and/or chromosomal distribution, one long held hypothesis is that heterochromatin may function as a chromosomal reproductive isolation mechanism and hence in part underlie new species formation (Yunis and Yasmineh 1971, Hatch et al 1976, Fry and Salser 1977.…”

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confidence: 99%