Functional Deficits in Gut Microbiome of Young and Middle-Aged Adults with Prediabetes Apparent in Metabolizing Bioactive (Poly)phenols

Zhang, Xuhuiqun; Zhao, Anqi; Sandhu, Amandeep; Edirisinghe, Indika; Burton‐Freeman, Britt

doi:10.3390/nu12113595

Cited by 33 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…This study in children with obesity shows that the β-diversity of the gut microbiome was not associated with HOMA-IR, consistent with previous studies in adolescents and adults [ 45 , 67 ]. The overall microbial α-diversity (using the Shannon diversity) has been reported to be negatively correlated with HOMA-IR [ 36 ] or type 1 diabetes mellitus status in children [ 37 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Composition and Functions of the Gut Microbiome in Pediatric Obesity: Relationships with Markers of Insulin Resistance

et al. 2021

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The gut microbiome is hypothesized to play a crucial role in the development of obesity and insulin resistance (IR); the pathways linking the microbiome to IR in pediatrics have yet to be precisely characterized. We aimed to determine the relationship between the gut microbiome composition and metabolic functions and IR in children with obesity. In a cross-sectional study, fecal samples from children with obesity (10–16 years old) were collected for taxonomical and functional analysis of the fecal microbiome using shotgun metagenomics. The homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was determined using fasting glucose and insulin. Associations between HOMA-IR and α-diversity measures as well as metabolic pathways were evaluated using Spearman correlations; relationships between HOMA-IR and β-diversity were assessed by permutational multivariate analysis of variance. Twenty-one children (nine males; median: age = 12.0 years; BMI z-score = 2.9; HOMA-IR = 3.6) completed the study. HOMA-IR was significantly associated with measures of α-diversity but not with β-diversity. Children with higher HOMA-IR exhibited lower overall species richness, Firmicutes species richness, and overall Proteobacteria species Shannon diversity. Furthermore, HOMA-IR was inversely correlated with the abundance of pathways related to the biosynthesis of lipopolysaccharides, amino acids, and short-chain fatty acids, whereas positive correlations between HOMA-IR and the peptidoglycan biosynthesis pathways were observed. In conclusion, insulin resistance was associated with decreased microbial α-diversity measures and abundance of genes related to the metabolic pathways. Our study provides a framework for understanding the microbial alterations in pediatric obesity.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Composition and Functions of the Gut Microbiome in Pediatric Obesity: Relationships with Markers of Insulin Resistance

et al. 2021

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“…Then, we further investigated whether the antibiotic-induced dysbiosis of gut microbiota was associated with lipogenesis of chicken based on 16S rRNA sequencing data. Recent studies have found that obesity has been associated with reduced abundance of phylum Bacteroidetes, increased Firmicutes/Bacteroides ratio and increased abundance of phylum Proteobacteria [ 14 , 15 , 16 ]. In accordance with previous studies, we also found that oral antibiotics promote lipogenesis and fat deposition of chicken, accompanied by the significantly increased abundance of Proteobacteria, decreased abundance of Bacteroides, and decreased Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibiotic-Induced Dysbiosis of Microbiota Promotes Chicken Lipogenesis by Altering Metabolomics in the Cecum

et al. 2021

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Elucidation of the mechanism of lipogenesis and fat deposition is essential for controlling excessive fat deposition in chicken. Studies have shown that gut microbiota plays an important role in regulating host lipogenesis and lipid metabolism. However, the function of gut microbiota in the lipogenesis of chicken and their relevant mechanisms are poorly understood. In the present study, the gut microbiota of chicken was depleted by oral antibiotics. Changes in cecal microbiota and metabolomics were detected by 16S rRNA sequencing and ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with MS/MS (UHPLC–MS/MS) analysis. The correlation between antibiotic-induced dysbiosis of gut microbiota and metabolites and lipogenesis were analysed. We found that oral antibiotics significantly promoted the lipogenesis of chicken. 16S rRNA sequencing indicated that oral antibiotics significantly reduced the diversity and richness and caused dysbiosis of gut microbiota. Specifically, the abundance of Proteobacteria was increased considerably while the abundances of Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes were significantly decreased. At the genus level, the abundances of genera Escherichia-Shigella and Klebsiella were significantly increased while the abundances of 12 genera were significantly decreased, including Bacteroides. UHPLC-MS/MS analysis showed that antibiotic-induced dysbiosis of gut microbiota significantly altered cecal metabolomics and caused declines in abundance of 799 metabolites and increases in abundance of 945 metabolites. Microbiota-metabolite network revealed significant correlations between 4 differential phyla and 244 differential metabolites as well as 15 differential genera and 304 differential metabolites. Three metabolites of l-glutamic acid, pantothenate acid and N-acetyl-l-aspartic acid were identified as potential metabolites that link gut microbiota and lipogenesis in chicken. In conclusion, our results showed that antibiotic-induced dysbiosis of gut microbiota promotes lipogenesis of chicken by altering relevant metabolomics. The efforts in this study laid a basis for further study of the mechanisms that gut microbiota regulates lipogenesis and fat deposition of chicken.

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“…Of these microbes, Gordonibacter urolithinfaciens and Gordonibacter pamelaeae are involved in converting ellagic acid to UroA [ 16 , 17 ]. Akkermansia muciniphila levels are reported to be associated with UroA levels but can vary in UroA activity depending on inter-individual differences [ 18 , 19 ]. Based on this evidence, UroA production and activity may be associated with the gut microbial community and metabotype classification; however, more research is needed to provide stronger associations.…”

Section: Current Status Of Knowledgementioning

confidence: 99%

Immunomodulatory Role of Urolithin A on Metabolic Diseases

et al. 2021

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Urolithin A (UroA) is a gut metabolite produced from ellagic acid-containing foods such as pomegranates, berries, and walnuts. UroA is of growing interest due to its therapeutic potential for various metabolic diseases based on immunomodulatory properties. Recent advances in UroA research suggest that UroA administration attenuates inflammation in various tissues, including the brain, adipose, heart, and liver tissues, leading to the potential delay or prevention of the onset of Alzheimer’s disease, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. In this review, we focus on recent updates of the anti-inflammatory function of UroA and summarize the potential mechanisms by which UroA may help attenuate the onset of diseases in a tissue-specific manner. Therefore, this review aims to shed new insights into UroA as a potent anti-inflammatory molecule to prevent immunometabolic diseases, either by dietary intervention with ellagic acid-rich food or by UroA administration as a new pharmaceutical drug.

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Functional Deficits in Gut Microbiome of Young and Middle-Aged Adults with Prediabetes Apparent in Metabolizing Bioactive (Poly)phenols

Cited by 33 publications

References 51 publications

Composition and Functions of the Gut Microbiome in Pediatric Obesity: Relationships with Markers of Insulin Resistance

Composition and Functions of the Gut Microbiome in Pediatric Obesity: Relationships with Markers of Insulin Resistance

Antibiotic-Induced Dysbiosis of Microbiota Promotes Chicken Lipogenesis by Altering Metabolomics in the Cecum

Immunomodulatory Role of Urolithin A on Metabolic Diseases

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