Functional response of the pupal parasitoid, Dirhinus giffardii towards two fruit fly species, Bactrocera zonata and B. cucurbitae

Khan, Muhammad Hamayoon; Khuhro, Niaz Hussain; Awais, Muhammad; Memon, Raza Muhammad; Asif, Muhammad

doi:10.1127/entomologia/2020/0878

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Parasitism depends upon the oviposition, done by the female D. giffardii on the pupae of the host, this indicates that there is a linear association between per female parasitism and percent parasitism [24]. However, it is also imperative to point out that D. giffardii has good searching efficiency for B. zonata pupae and gave maximum parasitism, per female parasitism and the emergence of parasitoids [25,26]. The current studies showed an increase in the rate of per female parasitism with an increase in the age of pupa and exposure time.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exposure Time and age Links Parasitism, Emergence and Development of Pupal Parasitoid Dirhinus giffardii Against Bactrocera zonata

2020

Sci. Lett.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The parasitism, emergence and development of pupal parasitoid, Dirhinus giffardii (Silvestri) was assessed against the pupae of the fruit fly, Bactrocera zonata (Saunders), under laboratory conditions. The fruit fly and D. giffardii were reared in glass cages on the artificial diet, and a known number of different 1-hour (fresh), 1-day, 2-day, 3-day and 4-day old pupae were offered to the respective parasitoids for a period of 6, 12, 18 and 24 hours. It was noted that the parasitism was increased gradually with an increase in pupal age and exposure time. The highest parasitism occurred on 3-day old pupae followed by 4-day, 2-day, 1-day and 1 hour (fresh) old pupae. The studies also manifested that exposure time and host age have a significant effect on the oviposition, per female parasitism, percent parasitism, emergence and development of pupal parasitoid, D. giffardii. The average developmental time of parasitoid was recorded significantly longer in 1-hour (fresh) old pupae than in the older pupae. The study revealed that D. giffardii is a virtuous candidate for the biological control of B. zonata and the pupae of B. zonata might be the perfect host for laboratory rearing of this parasitoid.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exposure Time and age Links Parasitism, Emergence and Development of Pupal Parasitoid Dirhinus giffardii Against Bactrocera zonata

2020

Sci. Lett.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The melon fly, Zeugodacus cucurbitae (Coquillett), is one of the most destructive and troublesome agricultural pests [27,28]. The genome of Z. cucurbitae has been sequenced and released [29], which provides sequence information for gene annotation and functional research.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome-wide analysis of long non-coding RNAs in adult tissues of the melon fly, Zeugodacus cucurbitae (Coquillett)

Song

Han

et al. 2020

BMC Genomics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are involved in many fundamental biological processes, such as transcription regulation, protein degradation, and cell differentiation. Information on lncRNA in the melon fly, Zeugodacus cucurbitae (Coquillett) is currently limited. Results: We constructed 24 RNA-seq libraries from eight tissues (midgut, Malpighian tubules, fat body, ovary, and testis) of Z. cucurbitae adults. A total of 3124 lncRNA transcripts were identified. Among those, 1464 were lincRNAs, 1037 were intronic lncRNAs, 301 were anti-sense lncRNAs, and 322 were sense lncRNAs. The majority of lncRNAs contained two exons and one isoform. Differentially expressed lncRNAs were analyzed between tissues, and Malpighian tubules versus testis had the largest number. Some lncRNAs exhibited strong tissue specificity. Specifically expressed lncRNAs were identified and filtered in tissues of female and male Z. cucurbitae based on their expression levels. Four midgut-specific lncRNAs were validated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), and the data were consistent with RNA-seq data. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses of targets of midgut-specific lncRNAs indicated an enrichment of the metabolic process. Conclusions: This was the first systematic identification of lncRNA in the melon fly. Expressions of lncRNAs in multiple adult tissues were evaluated by quantitative transcriptomic analysis. These qualitative and quantitative analyses of lncRNAs, especially the tissue-specific lncRNAs in Z. cucurbitae, provide useful data for further functional studies.

show abstract

“…The Type II functional response is theoretically less capable of suppressing host density when compared to the Type III functional response. Although Type II functional responses are common in host–parasitoid systems [ 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 ] and Type III is not prevalent in parasitic insects [ 34 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 ], the form of the functional response on its own does not determine the success or failure of parasitoids in biological control [ 30 ]. Other factors that influence the efficiency of natural enemies in pest control include prey growth rates, behaviors, and distribution [ 42 , 43 , 44 ], as well as temperature [ 16 ] and host plant [ 45 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Potential of Parapanteles hyposidrae and Protapanteles immunis (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) as Biocontrol Agents for the Tea Grey Geometrid Ectropis grisescens (Lepidoptera)

Wang

Zhou

Xiao

et al. 2022

Insects

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The tea grey geometrid Ectropis grisescens has long been a significant insect pest of tea plants in China. Two parasitoids, Parapanteles hyposidrae and Protapanteles immunis (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Microgastrinae), are the most important parasitoids in the larval stage of E. grisescens. Yet, the potential of these two parasitoids for controlling the tea grey geometrid is not known. Here, we studied the parasitism performance of these two parasitoid species on different host densities under different temperatures as well as the interference effect of parasitoid density. The results showed that both parasitoid species, Pa. hyposidrae and Pr. immunis, exhibited a Type II functional response towards the tea grey geometrid E. grisescens at four tested temperatures. With increasing the density of E. grisescens larvae, the number of parasitized larvae increased until a maximum was reached. The highest number of hosts parasitized by Pa. hyposidrae or Pr. immunis reached 14.5 or 14.75 hosts d−1 at 22 °C, respectively. The estimated values of instantaneous searching efficiency (a) and handling time (h) for Pa. hyposidrae or Pr. immunis were 1.420 or 3.621 and 0.04 or 0.053 at 22 °C, respectively. Pr. immunis performed better than Pa. hyposidrae under higher temperatures. The parasitism rate by a single female parasitoid decreased with increasing parasitoid density at different temperatures, resulting in a reduction of searching efficiency. The findings of this study showed that Pr. immunis could be a better effective biocontrol agent than Pa. hyposidrae against the tea grey geometrid.

show abstract

Functional response of the pupal parasitoid, Dirhinus giffardii towards two fruit fly species, Bactrocera zonata and B. cucurbitae

Cited by 11 publications

References 0 publications

Exposure Time and age Links Parasitism, Emergence and Development of Pupal Parasitoid Dirhinus giffardii Against Bactrocera zonata

Exposure Time and age Links Parasitism, Emergence and Development of Pupal Parasitoid Dirhinus giffardii Against Bactrocera zonata

Genome-wide analysis of long non-coding RNAs in adult tissues of the melon fly, Zeugodacus cucurbitae (Coquillett)

The Potential of Parapanteles hyposidrae and Protapanteles immunis (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) as Biocontrol Agents for the Tea Grey Geometrid Ectropis grisescens (Lepidoptera)

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About