“…In the spectrum of Δ·PL·HCl, the frequencies of the bands at 3,081, 3,246, and 3,415 cm â1 were associated with NH 2 , secondary amine and primary amine stretching vibrations, respectively. The bands at 2,868 and 2,938 cm â1 were assigned to the symmetric and asymmetric stretching vibration of CH 2 (Ling, Wei, Zou, & Xu, ). The peaks in the ranges around 1,690â1,630 and 1,590 â1,480 cm â1 were related to the vibrational modes of amide Ó and amide II groups from l âlysine (Shang, Zhu, & Fan, ).…”