Fungal Succession During the Decomposition of Ectomycorrhizal Fine Roots

Gray, Logan; Kernaghan, Gavin

doi:10.1007/s00248-019-01418-3

Cited by 17 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 83 publications

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“…As previously documented (Kohout et al, 2018;Gray and Kernaghan, 2019), the proportion of endophytic fungi in decaying spruce seedling roots increased. These communities were dominated by endophytic Meliniomyces spp.…”

Section: Succession Of Fungal Communities On Decaying Spruce Rootssupporting

confidence: 80%

Forest Microhabitat Affects Succession of Fungal Communities on Decomposing Fine Tree Roots

et al. 2021

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Belowground litter derived from tree roots has been shown as a principal source of soil organic matter in coniferous forests. Fate of tree root necromass depends on fungal communities developing on the decaying roots. Local environmental conditions which affect composition of tree root mycobiome may also influence fungal communities developing on decaying tree roots. Here, we assessed fungal communities associated with decaying roots of Picea abies decomposing in three microhabitats: soil with no vegetation, soil with ericoid shrubs cover, and P. abies deadwood, for a 2-year period. Forest microhabitat showed stronger effect on structuring fungal communities associated with decaying roots compared to living roots. Some ericoid mycorrhizal fungi showed higher relative abundance on decaying roots in soils under ericoid shrub cover, while saprotrophic fungi had higher relative abundance in roots decomposing inside deadwood. Regardless of the studied microhabitat, we observed decline of ectomycorrhizal fungi and increase of endophytic fungi during root decomposition. Interestingly, we found substantially more fungal taxa with unknown ecology in late stages of root decomposition, indicating that highly decomposed roots may represent so far overlooked niche for soil fungi. Our study shows the importance of microhabitats on the fate of the decomposing spruce roots.

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Section: Succession Of Fungal Communities On Decaying Spruce Rootssupporting

confidence: 80%

Forest Microhabitat Affects Succession of Fungal Communities on Decomposing Fine Tree Roots

et al. 2021

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“…Notably, melanized necromass is also highly recalcitrant to decomposition ( 97 , 98 ), with the mycelia of Ce. geophilum demonstrated to persist in soils up to 10 times longer than that of other ECM species ( 92 , 99 ). This suggests that while NE resulted in reduced overall fungal biomass ( 31 ), it triggered an absolute increase in recalcitrant fungal necromass that is more likely to contribute to long-term C storage.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metatranscriptomics captures dynamic shifts in mycorrhizal coordination in boreal forests

Law

Serrano

Daguerre

et al. 2022

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Carbon storage and cycling in boreal forests—the largest terrestrial carbon store—is moderated by complex interactions between trees and soil microorganisms. However, existing methods limit our ability to predict how changes in environmental conditions will alter these associations and the essential ecosystem services they provide. To address this, we developed a metatranscriptomic approach to analyze the impact of nutrient enrichment on Norway spruce fine roots and the community structure, function, and tree–microbe coordination of over 350 root-associated fungal species. In response to altered nutrient status, host trees redefined their relationship with the fungal community by reducing sugar efflux carriers and enhancing defense processes. This resulted in a profound restructuring of the fungal community and a collapse in functional coordination between the tree and the dominant Basidiomycete species, and an increase in functional coordination with versatile Ascomycete species. As such, there was a functional shift in community dominance from Basidiomycetes species, with important roles in enzymatically cycling recalcitrant carbon, to Ascomycete species that have melanized cell walls that are highly resistant to degradation. These changes were accompanied by prominent shifts in transcriptional coordination between over 60 predicted fungal effectors, with more than 5,000 Norway spruce transcripts, providing mechanistic insight into the complex molecular dialogue coordinating host trees and their fungal partners. The host–microbe dynamics captured by this study functionally inform how these complex and sensitive biological relationships may mediate the carbon storage potential of boreal soils under changing nutrient conditions.

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“…Thus, we suggest that this is not relic DNA but a true signal of how long it takes EMF to die once their host dies. Ectomycorrhizal survival may be attributable to their exploration type and specificity for current vs. stored photosynthates (Gray & Kernaghan, 2020; Pena et al, 2010). For example, long/medium exploration types, such as Cortinarius, require more carbon for maintenance and only remain in the community for 17 days post-fire.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although it is possible that the EMF signal detected could be due to relic DNA, high UV conditions, such as those in post-fire systems (Neary et al, 1999), rapidly degrade relic DNA (Torti et al, 2015), suggesting that these EMF survived the fire and the death of their host for up to 67 days, as in the case of Inocybe. These ectomycorrhizal fungi could have survived by displaying specificity for photosynthates, current vs. stored (Gray & Kernaghan, 2020;Pena et al, 2010), an aspect of exploration type. Whereas long/medium exploration types, Cortinarius, require more carbon for maintenance than short-contact types such as Inocybe (Agerer, 2001;Koide et al, 2014).…”

Section: Pyrophilous Fungi Dominate the Burned Communities And Drive Successionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid bacterial and fungal successional dynamics in first year after Chaparral wildfire

Pulido-Chavez

Randolph

Zalman

et al. 2021

Preprint

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The rise in wildfire frequency in the western United States has increased interest in secondary succession. However, despite the role of soil microbial communities in plant regeneration and establishment, microbial secondary succession is poorly understood owing to a lack of measurements immediately post-fire and at high temporal resolution. To fill this knowledge gap, we collected soils at 2 and 3 weeks and 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 9, and 12 months after a chaparral wildfire in Southern California. We assessed bacterial and fungal biomass with qPCR of 16S and 18S and richness and composition with Illumina MiSeq sequencing of the 16S and ITS2 amplicons. We found that fire severely reduced bacterial biomass by 47% and richness by 46%, but the impacts were stronger for fungi, with biomass decreasing by 86% and richness by 68%. These declines persisted for the entire post-fire year, but bacterial biomass and richness oscillated in response to precipitation, whereas fungal biomass and richness did not. Fungi and bacteria experienced rapid succession, with 5-6 compositional turnover periods. As with plants, fast-growing surviving microbes drove successional dynamics. For bacteria, succession was driven by the phyla Firmicutes and Proteobacteria, with the Proteobacteria Massilia dominating all successional time points, and the Firmicutes (Domibacillus and Paenibacillus) dominating early- to mid-successional stages (1-4.5 months), while the Proteobacteria Noviherbaspirillum dominated late successional stages (4.5-1 year). For fungi, succession was driven by the phyla Ascomycota, but ectomycorrhizal basidiomycetes, and the heat-resistant yeast, Geminibasidium were present in the early successional stages (1 month). However, pyrophilous filamentous Ascomycetes Pyronema, Penicillium, and Aspergillus, dominated all post-fire time points. While wildfires vastly decrease bacterial and fungal biomass and richness, similar to plants, pyrophilous bacteria and fungi increase in abundance and experience rapid succession and compositional turnover in the first post-fire year, with potential implications for post-fire chaparral regeneration

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Fungal Succession During the Decomposition of Ectomycorrhizal Fine Roots

Cited by 17 publications

References 83 publications

Forest Microhabitat Affects Succession of Fungal Communities on Decomposing Fine Tree Roots

Forest Microhabitat Affects Succession of Fungal Communities on Decomposing Fine Tree Roots

Metatranscriptomics captures dynamic shifts in mycorrhizal coordination in boreal forests

Rapid bacterial and fungal successional dynamics in first year after Chaparral wildfire

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