Further Observations on the Treatment of Leptospirosis

Doherty, R. L.

doi:10.1111/imj.1956.5.1.23

Cited by 7 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…In veterinary practice, elimination of the urinary shedder is fundamental to the control of animal leptospirosis, and streptomycin would appear to be the drug of choice. Doherty (1955Doherty ( , 1956 reported the treatment of a large number of cases of human leptospirosis in North Queensland, and concluded that penicillin had definite therapeutic action, especially if given in high doses. Broad spectrum antibiotics were less effective.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemotherapy of Experimental Leptospiral Infection in Mice

Spradbrow

1963

British Journal of Pharmacology and Chemotherapy

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A strain of Leptospira zanoni was used to produce chronic renal infections in young white mice. A variant of this strain produced an acute disease with over 50(O mortality. The responses of both forms of disease to chemotherapy were studied. When treatment of the acute disease was initiated before jaundice occurred, suitable single doses of streptomycin, chlortetracycline, tetracycline, erythromycin, oxytetracycline and oxytetracycline (in oil) prevented death and chronic renal infection in a high percentage of mice. Bicillin, a long-acting penicillin preparation, was more effective than other penicillins, but it prevented the development of chronic renal infection in only half the treated mice. Streptomycin was the only antibiotic of which a single administration regularly cured the chronic renal infections: chlortetracycline, tetracycline and oxytetracycline (in oil) were partially effective. Oxytetracycline, chloramphenicol, Bicillin, fortified penicillin, procaine penicillin and potassium penicillin had no permanent action. The suitability of mice as laboratory animals in the study of experimental leptospirosis and the need for complete cure of carriers of chronic renal infection are emphasized. The above findings indicate that streptomycin is the drug of choice for the treatment of leptospirosis in animals, and that it is worthy of further trial in man.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemotherapy of Experimental Leptospiral Infection in Mice

Spradbrow

1963

British Journal of Pharmacology and Chemotherapy

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“…The relatively high resistances of L. icterohaemorrhagiae and of L. canicola to penicillin may explain the poor responses obtained in Britain with this drug in the treatment of human leptospirosis due to these serotypes (Broom, 1951). In Australia, where infection with the more sensitive serotypes predominates, penicillin is the favoured antibiotic (Doherty, 1956).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sensitivity to Drugs of Australian Leptospiral Serotypes

Spradbrow

1963

British Journal of Pharmacology and Chemotherapy

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The in vitro susceptibilities to antibiotics of stock strains of various Australian leptospiral serotypes were established. Leptospira pomona was highly susceptible to penicillin and erythromycin, susceptible to streptomycin and tetracyclines, but resistant to chloramphenicol and novobiocin. In general, the twelve serotypes tested were susceptible to streptomycin, penicillin and tetracycline, but L. icterohaemorrhagiae, L. canicola and L. zanoni were more resistant than the other serotypes, especially to penicillin. A newly isolated strain of L. zanoni was more sensitive to penicillin, streptomycin, and tetracycline than was the stock strain. Against L. australis high concentrations both of penicillin and of streptomycin-were bactericidal. In lower concentrations penicillin was bacteriostatic. In high concentrations penicillin caused lysis of leptospirae, but streptomycin and the tetracyclines did not. These results do not agree well with those on the chemotherapy of experimental infections.Information is lacking on the susceptibility in vitro to drugs of many of the serotypes of leptospirae occurring in Australia. Previous studies on susceptibility in vitro and on chemotherapy in laboratory animals were concerned mainly with Leptospira icterohaemorrhagiae and L. canicola. These serotypes are important in other countries because of their high incidence and the clinical severity of the disease they cause in man and animals. The relatively high pathogenicity of L. icterohaemorrhagiae for guinea-pigs may also have influenced the choice of this serotype for studies of chemotherapy in vivo.Thirteen leptospiral serotypes are known to cause human infection in Australia. Infections both with L. icterohaemorrhagiae and with L. canicola occur, but numerically they are not important. L. australis (L. australis A) and L. zanoni (L. australis B) are the serotypes responsible for the majority of cases of human infection (Derrick, 1957

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Renal Failure and Transient Paraproteinemia Due to Leptospira pomona

Bain¹

1973

Arch Intern Med

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Further Observations on the Treatment of Leptospirosis

Cited by 7 publications

References 6 publications

Chemotherapy of Experimental Leptospiral Infection in Mice

Chemotherapy of Experimental Leptospiral Infection in Mice

Sensitivity to Drugs of Australian Leptospiral Serotypes

Renal Failure and Transient Paraproteinemia Due to Leptospira pomona

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