Fusarium head blight of wheat in India‐variability in pathogens associated and sources of resistance: an overview

Saharan, M. S.; Kumar, Hemant; Gurjar, Malkhan Singh; Aggarwal, Rashmi

doi:10.1007/s42360-021-00358-8

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…Fusarium head blight (FHB) is a worldwide fungal disease mainly caused by Fusarium graminearum species complex and has been reported in America [1,2], Asia [3,4], Europe [5], Australia [6], and some other countries. When favorable conditions, such as optimal temperature and humidity, occur during the flowering period of wheat, the ascospores of fusarium in soil, stubble, and other carriers will spread with rain and wind, and then colonize and infect wheat florets, and eventually affect the grain filling of wheat spikes, which has a serious impact on crop yield and food security [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mycotoxin DON Accumulation in Wheat Grains Caused by Fusarium Head Blight Are Significantly Subjected to Inoculation Methods

Xian

Zhang

et al. 2022

Toxins

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The disease severity and mycotoxin DON content in grains caused by fusarium head blight (FHB) have been two prioritized economical traits in wheat. Reliable phenotyping is a prerequisite for genetically improving wheat resistances to these two traits. In this study, three inoculation methods: upper bilateral floret injection (UBFI), basal bilateral floret injection (BBFI), and basal rachis internode injection (BRII), were applied in a panel of 22 near-isogenic lines (NILs) contrasting in Fhb1 alleles. The results showed that inoculation methods had significant influence on both disease severity and mycotoxin accumulation in grains, and the relationship between them. UBFI method caused chronic FHB symptom characterized as slow progress of the pathogen downward from the inoculation site, which minimized the difference in disease severity of the NILs, but, unexpectedly, maximized the difference in DON content between them. The BBFI method usually caused an acute FHB symptom in susceptible lines characterized as premature spike death (PSD), which maximized the difference in disease severity, but minimized the difference in DON content in grains between resistant and susceptible lines. The BRII method occasionally caused acute FHB symptoms for susceptible lines and had relatively balanced characteristics of disease severity and DON content in grains. Therefore, two or more inoculation methods are recommended for precise and reliable evaluation of the overall resistance to FHB, including resistances to both disease spread within a spike and DON accumulation in grains.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mycotoxin DON Accumulation in Wheat Grains Caused by Fusarium Head Blight Are Significantly Subjected to Inoculation Methods

Xian

Zhang

et al. 2022

Toxins

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“…Fusarium head blight (FHB) incited by Fusarium graminearum (FG) fungus is ranked as the one of the prime annihilating fungal diseases of wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) globally [ 1 ]. The published literature indicated that this disease drastically reduces the crop yield, leading to huge economic losses [ 2 , 3 , 4 ]. It has been noticed that yield losses are primarily linked with poor quality seed production.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…which account for more than 50% of global production [ 10 , 11 ]. In recent reports, it has been cautioned that Fusarium head blight is liable to enhance under reduced tillage-based wheat cultivation and further aggravated with climate shift especially in the northern part of India, which is recognized as the main wheat basket of India [ 4 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Various research evidence indicated that FHB disease is highly prone to humid to semi-humid areas of the world, especially where heavy and frequent rainfall with a high level of moisture exists in the atmosphere throughout the wheat cultivation season [ 13 , 14 ]. Unfortunately, such type of weather is prevalent in the northern part of India, especially during and after the anthesis stage of wheat, which directly affects the crop yield [ 4 ]. It has been observed that the fungus in the off-season survive in infected wheat straw in different grasses of the wheat family origin and in crop residues that remain in the soil after wheat harvest [ 15 , 16 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hence, the deployment of FHB-resistant varieties is a sustainable, cost-effective, and environmentally friendly approach to FHB management. Unfortunately, the majority of the popular varieties cultivated in India are prone to FHB disease [ 4 ]. Moreover, the effectiveness of resistant varieties and implementation of different methods singly or in an integrated manner for the control of Fusarium spp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of Head Blight Disease Causing Fungus Fusarium graminearum in Northern Wheat Belt of India

Kaul

Kashyap

Kumar

et al. 2022

JoF

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Head blight or scab caused by Fusarium graminearum (FG), once ranked as a minor disease in wheat, is now emerging as one of the economically important diseases in India. The present study represents the first in-depth population genetic analysis of the FG from the northern wheat belt of India. In this study, multiple conserved gene sequences comprised of β-tubulin (TUB), translation elongation factor 1-α (TEF), and histone-3 (HIS) regions were used for multi-locus phylogenetic analysis of 123 geographically distinct F. graminearum isolates collected from four different states (Haryana (HR), Punjab (PB), Rajasthan (RJ) and West Bengal (WB)) of India. The phylogenetic and haplotype analysis showed the presence of thirty haplotypes in all the analyzed populations. The haplotypic diversity in the RJ population (Hd = 0.981) was higher than in the HR (Hd = 0.972), PB (Hd = 0.965) and WB population (Hd = 0.962). Recombination events (Rm = 12) and mutation events (485) were also detected. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) indicated that genetic diversity was exclusively due to the differences within populations. The haplotype network was widely dispersed and not associated with specific populations, as a single common haplotype was not detected. The PB population contained both unique (H9, H10 and H11) and shared haplotypes (27 haplotypes) in a higher number in comparison to other geographical locations. Except for haplotype H22 (contains highly aggressive isolates), there was no specific linkage noticed between the isolate aggressiveness and haplotype. The concatenated sequences of all the three genes demonstrated a low level of genetic differentiation (Fst = −0.014 to 0.02) in the analyzed population. Positive values for the neutrality tests in PB, HR and RJ reveal a balancing selection mechanism behind the FG population structure. The WB population showed both positive and negative values of neutrality indices, indicating the role of both population expansion as well as balancing selection in structuring the FG population.

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Wheat

Singh,

Kumar,

Kashyap

et al. 2023

Trajectory of 75 Years of Indian Agriculture After Independence

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Fusarium head blight of wheat in India‐variability in pathogens associated and sources of resistance: an overview

Cited by 6 publications

References 66 publications

Mycotoxin DON Accumulation in Wheat Grains Caused by Fusarium Head Blight Are Significantly Subjected to Inoculation Methods

Mycotoxin DON Accumulation in Wheat Grains Caused by Fusarium Head Blight Are Significantly Subjected to Inoculation Methods

Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of Head Blight Disease Causing Fungus Fusarium graminearum in Northern Wheat Belt of India

Wheat

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