Future transportation fuels

Kalghatgi, Gautam; Levinsky, Howard; Colket, M. B.

doi:10.1016/j.pecs.2018.06.003

Cited by 93 publications

(34 citation statements)

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“…This is problematic in view of the EU's ambition to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by 40% by 2030 [16]. Of all renewable energies, biomass-based energy plays the most important role in power-to-X pathways [17], in particular, bio-based transportation fuels [18][19][20][21]. Together with electricity and hydrogen, biofuels are crucial for the decarbonization of the transport sector [18,19,[21][22][23][24][25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Of all renewable energies, biomass-based energy plays the most important role in power-to-X pathways [17], in particular, bio-based transportation fuels [18][19][20][21]. Together with electricity and hydrogen, biofuels are crucial for the decarbonization of the transport sector [18,19,[21][22][23][24][25]. The use of bioenergy crops, crop residues, and organic civilization wastes as co-substrates in biogas plants could also be of significance in renewable energy production [26][27][28][29].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prospects of Bioenergy Cropping Systems for A More Social-Ecologically Sound Bioeconomy

et al. 2019

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The growing bioeconomy will require a greater supply of biomass in the future for both bioenergy and bio-based products. Today, many bioenergy cropping systems (BCS) are suboptimal due to either social-ecological threats or technical limitations. In addition, the competition for land between bioenergy-crop cultivation, food-crop cultivation, and biodiversity conservation is expected to increase as a result of both continuous world population growth and expected severe climate change effects. This study investigates how BCS can become more social-ecologically sustainable in future. It brings together expert opinions from the fields of agronomy, economics, meteorology, and geography. Potential solutions to the following five main requirements for a more holistically sustainable supply of biomass are summarized: (i) bioenergy-crop cultivation should provide a beneficial social-ecological contribution, such as an increase in both biodiversity and landscape aesthetics, (ii) bioenergy crops should be cultivated on marginal agricultural land so as not to compete with food-crop production, (iii) BCS need to be resilient in the face of projected severe climate change effects, (iv) BCS should foster rural development and support the vast number of small-scale family farmers, managing about 80% of agricultural land and natural resources globally, and (v) bioenergy-crop cultivation must be planned and implemented systematically, using holistic approaches. Further research activities and policy incentives should not only consider the economic potential of bioenergy-crop cultivation, but also aspects of biodiversity, soil fertility, and climate change adaptation specific to site conditions and the given social context. This will help to adapt existing agricultural systems in a changing world and foster the development of a more social-ecologically sustainable bioeconomy.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prospects of Bioenergy Cropping Systems for A More Social-Ecologically Sound Bioeconomy

et al. 2019

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“…Currently, more than 99% of the transport sector is powered by combustion engines, which contribute to around 14% of greenhouse gas emissions (GGE) [1]. Due to the need for reducing GGE, which contribute to global warming, and the depletion of fossil fuels, governments and industries are aiming to shift from the dependency on fossil fuels to renewable energy sources (e.g., biofuels) [2,3]. The mixture of biofuels (e.g., biodiesel and ethanol) with fossil fuels in standard propulsion systems can reduce GGE and lead to complete combustion [4][5][6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Biodiesel Fuel on Ethanol/Diesel Blends

2019

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The interest in biofuels was stimulated by the fossil fuel depletion and global warming. This work focuses on the impact of biodiesel fuel on ethanol/diesel (ED) fuel blends. The soybean methyl ester was used as a representative composition of typical biodiesel fuels. The heating and evaporation of ethanol–biodiesel–diesel (EBD) blends were investigated using the Discrete–Component (DC) model. The Cetane Number (CN) of the EBD blends was predicted based on the individual hydrocarbon contributions in the mixture. The mixture viscosity was predicted using the Universal Quasi-Chemical Functional group Activity Coefficients and Viscosity (UNIFAC–VISCO) method, and the lower heating value of the mixture was predicted based on the volume fractions and density of species and blends. Results revealed that a mixture of up to 15% biodiesel, 5% ethanol, and 80% diesel fuels had led to small variations in droplet lifetime, CN, viscosity, and heating value of pure diesel, with less than 1.2%, 0.2%, 2%, and 2.2% reduction in those values, respectively.

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“…The transportation sector is also heavily dependent on oil products; as a matter of fact, the highest dependency of all sectors [2], with a percentage of 93.8% usability of oil and refined products, as compared to the 41.7% and 10.0% for the energy and industrial sectors, respectively. The oil demand of the transportation sector globally is in the range of 11 billion liters per day (blpd) regarding gasoline, diesel, heavy fuel oil, and jet fuel [63], while Eurostat Energy Balances of 2014 comments that industry sector demands more or less 20.0% of oil supplied to EU markets. In spite of the declining production and consumption in Europe (EU), crude oil remains the largest contributor to the energy generation industry-it meets the global demand in the range of 60.0% [3] The oil sector is highly dependent on electrical power and electricity networks.…”

Section: Oil Sector's Dependencies and Interdependencies With Other Cmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Climate Change Impacts to Oil Sector Critical Services and Suggested Recommendations for Industry Uptake

Katopodis

Sfetsos

2019

Infrastructures

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Climate change already has far-reaching impacts on the oil industry, putting the operation, reliability, and growth of the sector at risk. Oil infrastructure has multi-decadal lifetime projections; thus, climate change and extreme weather events such as extreme temperatures, hurricanes, high winds, lightning strikes, storm surges, flooding, etc., pose an extra challenge to the oil supply chain, from upstream to downstream. In this paper, we review the climate change risk assessment frameworks, the impacts of climate change on oil infrastructure, and we identify gaps in the current knowledge, also suggesting future search directions on adapting the oil sector to climate change. The work overviews linkages between climate and oil industry design, operational, and service thresholds in a comprehensive hazard threshold matrix. Existing risk assessment methodologies that account for existing regulatory frameworks and interdependencies with other infrastructures are studied, leading to mitigation, adaptation, and sector resilience recommendations.

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Future transportation fuels

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Cited by 93 publications

References 0 publications

Prospects of Bioenergy Cropping Systems for A More Social-Ecologically Sound Bioeconomy

Prospects of Bioenergy Cropping Systems for A More Social-Ecologically Sound Bioeconomy

The Impact of Biodiesel Fuel on Ethanol/Diesel Blends

A Review of Climate Change Impacts to Oil Sector Critical Services and Suggested Recommendations for Industry Uptake

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