Gadolinium for neutron detection in current nuclear instrumentation research: A review

Dumazert, Jonathan; Coulon, Romain; Lecomte, Q.; Bertrand, Guillaume; Hamel, Matthieu

doi:10.1016/j.nima.2017.11.032

Cited by 59 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 81 publications

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“…S2 ). The released energy or Q-values during the neutron capture in the two Gd isotopes are rather high 8.536 MeV and 7.937 MeV respectively and about 99% of the energy is radiated out in the form of photons 43 . The resulting gamma-flux is about 7 × 10 7 p/cm 2 /s in the converter and exceeds 4 × 10 6 p/cm 2 /s at the sample position.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hybrid halide perovskite neutron detectors

Andričević

Náfrádi

Kollár

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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Interest in fast and easy detection of high-energy radiation (x-, γ-rays and neutrons) is closely related to numerous practical applications ranging from biomedicine and industry to homeland security issues. In this regard, crystals of hybrid halide perovskite have proven to be excellent detectors of x- and γ-rays, offering exceptionally high sensitivities in parallel to the ease of design and handling. Here, we demonstrate that by assembling a methylammonium lead tri-bromide perovskite single crystal (CH3NH3PbBr3 SC) with a Gadolinium (Gd) foil, one can very efficiently detect a flux of thermal neutrons. The neutrons absorbed by the Gd foil turn into γ-rays, which photo-generate charge carriers in the CH3NH3PbBr3 SC. The induced photo-carriers contribute to the electric current, which can easily be measured, providing information on the radiation intensity of thermal neutrons. The dependence on the beam size, bias voltage and the converting distance is investigated. To ensure stable and efficient charge extraction, the perovskite SCs were equipped with carbon electrodes. Furthermore, other types of conversion layers were also tested, including borated polyethylene sheets as well as Gd grains and Gd2O3 pellets directly engulfed into the SCs. Monte Carlo N-Particle (MCNP) radiation transport code calculations quantitatively confirmed the detection mechanism herein proposed.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hybrid halide perovskite neutron detectors

Andričević

Náfrádi

Kollár

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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“…However, a detector enriched in 6 Li and/or 10 B would largely increase the detection efficiency. The cross sections of thermal neutron capture on 155,157 Gd (15% and 16% in natural Gd, respectively) are much higher than those of 6 Li and 10 B, however the products are γ quanta (see, e.g., [256]). Therefore, LTDs with 6 Li and/or 10 B content are preferred, while Gd-containing bolometers can have some specific application (e.g., if the suppression of the contribution induced by thermal neutrons is needed) [59].…”

Section: Neutron Detection In Rare-event Searchesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scintillation in Low-Temperature Particle Detectors

Poda

2021

Physics

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Inorganic crystal scintillators play a crucial role in particle detection for various applications in fundamental physics and applied science. The use of such materials as scintillating bolometers, which operate at temperatures as low as 10 mK and detect both heat (phonon) and scintillation signals, significantly extends detectors performance compared to the conventional scintillation counters. In particular, such low-temperature devices offer a high energy resolution in a wide energy interval thanks to a phonon signal detection, while a simultaneous registration of scintillation emitted provides an efficient particle identification tool. This feature is of great importance for a background identification and rejection. Combined with a large variety of elements of interest, which can be embedded in crystal scintillators, scintillating bolometers represent powerful particle detectors for rare-event searches (e.g., rare alpha and beta decays, double-beta decay, dark matter particles, neutrino detection). Here, we review the features and results of low-temperature scintillation detection achieved over a 30-year history of developments of scintillating bolometers and their use in rare-event search experiments.

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“…Gadolinium has a still larger cross-section for neutron capture, and has also been used as a converter layer on semiconductor detectors. [33]- [36] Several gadolinium isotopes have very high cross-sections, most notably 155 Gd and, especially, 157 Gd, which form ∼15% and ∼16%, respectively, of natural gadolinium. Neutron capture in gadolinium does not lead to emission of ionizing nuclear particles; however, internal conversion leads to the emission of electrons at several discrete energies, the most prominent of which are listed in Table III.…”

Section: Choice Of Converter Layer Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of an Optimized Converter Layer for a Silicon-Carbide-Based Neutron Sensor for the Detection of Fissionable Materials

Monk

Platt

Anderson

et al. 2019

2019 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC)

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We describe the early stage development of a miniature silicon carbide neutron sensor, for applications including robotic monitoring at the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant, specifically, within the primary containment vessel for fuel debris detection and retrieval. Monte Carlo simulations using MCNP 6.2 and Geant4 10.05.01 are used to investigate and optimize converter layers for thermal neutron detection. Performance of a 10 B 4 C:SiC detector system is investigated in detail and a neutron detection efficiency ∼4% is predicted, with a gamma discrimination ratio of the order of 10 5 .

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Gadolinium for neutron detection in current nuclear instrumentation research: A review

Cited by 59 publications

References 81 publications

Hybrid halide perovskite neutron detectors

Hybrid halide perovskite neutron detectors

Scintillation in Low-Temperature Particle Detectors

Development of an Optimized Converter Layer for a Silicon-Carbide-Based Neutron Sensor for the Detection of Fissionable Materials

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