Galectin-3 Overexpression in Invasive Laryngeal Carcinoma, Assessed by Computer-assisted Analysis

Abstract

(TGAS,CPS) S U M M A R Y The larynx is the most common site of malignancy in the upper aerodigestive tract. In Brazil, malignant laryngeal lesions represent 2% of all cancers, with ?3000 annual deaths. The association between human papillomavirus (HPV) and laryngeal cancer is still controversial. The aim of the present retrospective study was to determine the expression of galectin-3 immunoperoxidase in laryngeal carcinoma by examining paraffin-embedded larynx biopsies from 65 patients, 10 in situ laryngeal carcinomas, 27 laryngeal carcinomas without metastases, and 28 with metastases. Twenty-eight cervical lymph nodes from patients with metastatic lesions were also evaluated. Nested PCR was performed to detect and type HPV DNA. Galectin-3 expression was assessed by immunohistochemistry using a computerassisted system. Among 65 patients, 55 (84.6%) were positive to beta-globin (internal control); 10 (15.4%) patients were beta-globin negative and were excluded from the HPV evaluation. Thus, 7 (12.7%) out of 55 patients were HPV positive and 48 (87.3%) out of 55 patients were HPV negative. High expression of galectin-3 was observed in invasive laryngeal tumors, suggesting that galectin-3 could be associated with the invasiveness and aggressiveness of laryngeal carcinomas. (J Histochem Cytochem 57:665-673, 2009)

Detection of human papillomavirus in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma: Systematic review and meta‐analysis

“…A total of 179 studies (see Supporting Table 1 in the online version of this article) were considered eligible for the present analysis, comprising a sample size of 7,347 LSCCs with 1,830 events (approximately 25% of HPV positivity for all methods). In addition, some studies on HPV prevalence in recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (RRP), juvenile‐onset papillomas, and adult‐onset papillomas were included as far as they included also LSCC cases (metachronous or derived from RRP).…”

“…The methods used to evaluate the HPV involvement include the following: PCR and non‐PCR methods (IHC, DB, SB, ISH, FISH, NISH, HCII, and CISH). In studies using more than one technique, PCR results were computed whenever available Conversely, when PCR was not used or its results were not available, the study was included in the non‐PCR method group …”

Possible implication of Mdm2 as a prognostic marker in invasive laryngeal carcinoma

“…Several types of molecular markers have been studied in cancers of the larynx, including proteins that are associated with the cell cycle, apoptosis, and a variety of biological processes [42]. Some authors have investigated the clinico-prognostic role of p27 in LSCCs.…”

The Role of Human Papillomavirus in Pre-Cancerous Lesions and Oral Cancers

“…The HPV prevalence in HNSCC ranges from 3% to 40% and could vary more according to the specific site and HPV has been found in 4-80% of oral squamous cell carcinoma. Brazilian observations in the countryside of São Paulo state have found a low prevalence of HPV in tumors of the larynx [83] and an increase in the presence of HPV-DNA in oral cavity cancers during the past two decades [79][80]84]. The wide variation in HPV prevalence can be attributed to different detection techniques, small sample numbers, differences in the lesions and sampling techniques and epidemiological characteristics of the populations studied [85].…”