Galileo trajectory design

Mission Analysis Issues for Planetary Exploration Missions

“…The Jupiter system provides outstanding opportunities (Longman and Schneide, 1970) with its four Galilean satellites (Io, Europa, Ganymede, and Callisto), all with a large gravity-assist potential as escape velocities are larger than 2 km s À1 (Table 6); hence, velocity changes of 1 km s À1 or more can be achieved at no cost other than navigation corrections. This was already demonstrated by the Galileo mission of NASA (Damario et al, 1992). A complex sequence of DVGA and gravity-assist strategies between Galilean satellites can be implemented in relatively short times, as the period of Ganymede (third from Jupiter) is only 7.16 days instead of 365.25 days for the Earth (third from the Sun).…”

“…The cruise time is 3 years longer than for a direct transfer, but the low departure velocity provides large mass budgets (5 t approaching Jupiter with Ariane 5). This strategy was first implemented for sending the Galileo spacecraft into orbit around Jupiter (Damario et al, 1992), as it was much larger (1.6 t dry mass and 2.55 t at departure) than Pioneer or Voyager. Another example of such a scenario is the JUICE mission to the system of Jupiter launched in June 2022, which has been selected as the next large mission of the science program of ESA ( Figure 6).…”

Galileo dust data from the jovian system: 2000 to 2003

“…Satellite flybys always occurred within two days of Jupiter closest approach (pericentre passage). Detailed descriptions of the Galileo mission and the spacecraft were given by Johnson et al (1992) and D'Amario et al (1992).…”

Asteroid capture using lunar flyby

“…This method can lower the propellant requirements for putting spacecraft in orbits around other planets. Galileo mission to Jupiter includes a flyby of the moon Io near the orbiter's arrival perijove (D'Amario et al, 1992). Cassini also conducted a close flyby of Phoebe before its Saturn Orbit Insertion maneuver (Peralta and Flanagan, 1995).…”