The main result of this article is to prove that any Noetherian local domain of mixed characteristic maps to an integral perfectoid big Cohen-Macaulay algebra. The proof of this result is based on the construction of almost Cohen-Macaulay algebras in mixed characteristic due to Yves André. Moreover, we prove that the absolute integral closure of a complete Noetherian local domain of mixed characteristic maps to an integral perfectoid big Cohen-Macaulay algebra.Macaulay R-module with respect to x. The notion of big Cohen-Macaulay modules was introduced by Hochster in 1970's for the purpose of studying the homological conjectures (see [16] for a brief survey and [18] in the equal characteristic case). Hochster proved that any local ring (R, m) of equal characteristic admits a big Cohen-Macaulay module. The issue whether such a module exists in mixed characteristic has remained unclear for a long time. Quite recently, André proved that big Cohen-Macaulay algebras exist in the mixed 1 2 K.SHIMOMOTO characteristic case in [1] and [2], which also implies that the Direct Summand Conjecture is fully settled (see [7] for the derived variant of this conjecture).Theorem 1.1 (Y. André). Every complete Noetherian local domain of mixed characteristic admits a big Cohen-Macaulay algebra.This theorem can be deduced from Theorem 1.2, which we explain below. The primary aim of this article is to show abundance of big Cohen-Macaulay algebras with certain distinguished properties based on Theorem 1.2 stated below. First, we state the main theorem (see Theorem 6.3).Main Theorem 1. Let (R, m) be a Noetherian local domain of mixed characteristic. Then there exists an R-algebra T such that T is an integral perfectoid big Cohen-Macaulay R-algebra.
Moreover, we have the following assertions:(1) Assume that R is a complete Noetherian local domain of mixed characteristic with perfect residue field. Then there exists an integral perfectoid big Cohen-Macaulay R-algebra T with the property that R → T factors as R → S → T , such that S is an integral pre-perfectoid normal domain that is integral over R and(2) Assume that R is a complete Noetherian local domain of mixed characteristic. Let B be an integral almost perfectoid, almost Cohen-Macaulay R-algebra such that R → B factors as R → S → B and S is an integral perfectoid algebra containing compatible systems of elements: {p 1 p n } n≥0 , {x 1 p n 2 } n≥0 , . . . , {x 1 p nd } n≥0 for a system of parameters p, x 2 , . . . , x d of R. Then there is a ring homomorphism S → T such that T is an integral perfectoid big Cohen-Macaulay R-algebra.One can indeed prove the following stronger result (see Corollary 6.5 and Remark 6.6).Main Theorem 2. Let (R, m) be a Noetherian local domain of mixed characteristic and let R + be its absolute integral closure. Then R + maps to an integral perfectoid big Cohen-Macaulay R-algebra.For basic notion and notations, we refer the reader to § 2. An integral perfectoid algebra is a p-torsion free, p-adically complete algebras on which the Frobenius endomorphism is su...