Gamma Irradiation of the Mediterranean Fruit Fly (Diptera: Tephritidae): Effects of Puparial Age under Induced Hypoxia on Female Sterility

Williamson, D. L.; Mitchell, Shizuko; Seo, Stanley T.

doi:10.1093/aesa/78.1.101

Cited by 23 publications

(16 citation statements)

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“…Overall, the results of the present study indicate that, although irradiated Q‐fly females have an increased probability of fecundity later in life (30–35 days post emergence), this egg production by older insects is likely to be the result of females depositing oocytes that are formed at the time of irradiation, rather than a recovery of germinal ovarian tissue or the development of new eggs (Williamson et al , 1985). The total number of eggs produced also constitutes a minimal increase in overall egg production between 10–15 and 30–35 days of age, especially at higher doses where only two eggs are obtained at doses of 50 Gy and above.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 70%

“…However females irradiated within 1 day of emergence can produce viable offspring from eggs retained in the ovaries, thereby ‘simulating’ the recovery of fertility. If pupae are treated within 0–3 h of emergence, then fertile eggs may be retained up to 30 days post irradiation (Williamson et al , 1985). Although the number of reproductively viable irradiated females produced is small (four from 100 female C. capitata mated to fertile males), programmes using SIT require the release of millions of irradiated flies into the field.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fecundity, fertility and reproductive recovery of irradiated Queensland fruit fly Bactrocera tryoni

Collins

Taylor

2011

Physiological Entomology

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Pupae of the Queensland fruit fly or Q‐fly Bactrocera tryoni (Froggatt) are irradiated routinely to induce reproductive sterility in adults for use in sterile insect technique programmes. Previous studies suggest that adult sexual performance and survival under nutritional and crowding stress are compromised by the current target dose of radiation for sterilization (70–75 Gy), and that improved mating propensity and survival under stress by irradiated males may be achieved by reducing the target sterilization dose without reducing the level of induced sterility. This raises the question of the amount by which the irradiation dose can be reduced before residual fertility becomes unacceptable. The present study measures the levels of residual fertility in male and female irradiated Q‐flies at different irradiation doses (20, 30, 40, 50, 60 and 70 Gy), and investigates the possibility that fecundity and fertility increase between 10–15 and 30–35 days post emergence. Male flies require a higher dose than females to induce sterility, with no residual fertility found in females irradiated at doses of 50 Gy or above, and no residual fertility found in males irradiated at doses of 60 Gy or above. Irradiated females are more fecund at 30–35 days post emergence than at 10–15 days. However, fertility does not increase between 10 and 15 days post emergence and 30–35 days, even at doses below 50 Gy. The present study shows that there is scope to reduce the target sterilization dose for Q‐flies below that of the current dose range (70–75 Gy) at the same time as retaining an adequate safety margin above radiation doses at which residual fertility can be expected.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 70%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fecundity, fertility and reproductive recovery of irradiated Queensland fruit fly Bactrocera tryoni

Collins

Taylor

2011

Physiological Entomology

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“…It might have occurred again due to the increase of errors at high doses to irradiated females and fewer doses used to Þt the regression lines. Another explanation could be differences in the maturity of oocytes present when female pupae were irradiated, e.g., when C. capitata female pupae are irradiated 24 h before emergence or at later times, females contain increasing numbers of oocytes that mature into viable eggs even if irradiated at doses sufÞcient to sterilize males (Williamson et al 1985).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A New Generation of X Ray Irradiators for Insect Sterilization

Mastrangelo¹,

Parker²,

Jessup³

et al. 2010

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Recent fears of terrorism have provoked an increase in delays and denials of transboundary shipments of radioisotopes. This represents a serious constraint to sterile insect technique (SIT) programs around the world as they rely on the use of ionizing radiation from radioisotopes for insect sterilization. To validate a novel X ray irradiator, a series of studies on Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) and Anastrepha fraterculus (Wiedemann) (Diptera: Tephritidae) were carried out, comparing the relative biological effectiveness (RBE) between X rays and traditional gamma radiation from 60Co. Male C. capitata pupae and pupae of both sexes of A. fraterculus, both 24-48 h before adult emergence, were irradiated with doses ranging from 15 to 120 Gy and 10-70 Gy, respectively. Estimated mean doses of 91.2 Gy of X and 124.9 Gy of gamma radiation induced 99% sterility in C. capitata males. Irradiated A. fraterculus were 99% sterile at approximately 40-60 Gy for both radiation treatments. Standard quality control parameters and mating indices were not significantly affected by the two types of radiation. The RBE did not differ significantly between the tested X and gamma radiation, and X rays are as biologically effective for SIT purposes as gamma rays are. This work confirms the suitability of this new generation of X ray irradiators for pest control programs that integrate the SIT.

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“…Irradiation doses to achieve 99.9% sterility of released males have been determined for the screwworm, Cochliomya hominivorax (Coquerel) (Knipling 1955); the Mediterranean fruit ßy, Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) (Hooper 1972, Ohinata et al 1977, Zumreoglu et al 1979, Williamson et al 1985; A. ludens (Rhode et al 1961), Anastrepha fraterculus (Wiedemann) (González et al 1971); the Caribbean fruit ßy, Anastrepha suspensa (Loew) (Burditt et al 1975); and A. serpentina (Toledo 1992).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Irradiation of <I>Anastrepha obliqua</I> (Diptera: Tephritidae) Revisited: Optimizing Sterility Induction

Toledo¹,

Rull²,

Oropeza³

et al. 2004

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The effects of irradiation doses increasing from 0 to 100 Gy (1 Gy is energy absorbed in J kg(-1) of irradiated material) on fertility, flight ability, survival, and sterile male mating performance were evaluated for mass-reared Anastrepha obliqua (Macquart). High sterility values (> 98.2%) for irradiated males were obtained for doses as low as 25 Gy. Egg hatch was inhibited for irradiated males crossed with irradiated females at a low dose of 20 Gy. However, we estimated that to achieve 99.9% sterility (standard goal of many sterile insect technique programs), irradiation doses had to be increased to a dose between 50 and 75 Gy. At doses of 25 Gy and greater, we observed a decreasing trend in adult flight ability and an increasing trend in adult mortality. Such differences were greater for pupae irradiated at a young age compared those irradiated 24 h before emergence. Our single most relevant finding was that sterility induction (i.e., oviposition of nonfertilized eggs) was two times greater for males irradiated at low doses (40 Gy) than for males irradiated at high doses (80 Gy) when used at a 3:1:1 sterilized male to fertile male to fertile female ratio. Males irradiated at high doses may have been outcompeted by unirradiated males when courting unirradiated females. Implications of our findings for sterile insect technique programs are discussed.

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Gamma Irradiation of the Mediterranean Fruit Fly (Diptera: Tephritidae): Effects of Puparial Age under Induced Hypoxia on Female Sterility

Cited by 23 publications

References 0 publications

Fecundity, fertility and reproductive recovery of irradiated Queensland fruit fly Bactrocera tryoni

Fecundity, fertility and reproductive recovery of irradiated Queensland fruit fly Bactrocera tryoni

A New Generation of X Ray Irradiators for Insect Sterilization

Irradiation of <I>Anastrepha obliqua</I> (Diptera: Tephritidae) Revisited: Optimizing Sterility Induction

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