Gastrointestinal impaction by Parascaris equorum in a Thoroughbred foal in Jeju, Korea

Equine parascarosis under the tropical weather conditions of Ethiopia: a coprological and postmortem study

“…The parasite has a worldwide distribution, and is usually present wherever horses are raised (Clayton 1986, Southwood and others 1998). It can reduce the growth rate of foals and cause occasional deaths due to intestinal obstruction or rupture (Dipietro and others 1983, Clayton 1986, Ryu and others 2004).…”

An ultrasonographic scoring method for transabdominal monitoring of ascarid burdens in foals

“…As mentioned above, the cutoff for a large worm burden was set to 10 worms. Three different dichotomous categorisations of the ultrasound scores were evaluated: (a) low (1-2) vs. high (3)(4) scores; (b) no signs of ascarids (1) vs. evidence of ascarids (2)(3)(4); and (c) lower (1-3) vs. high scores (4). These analyses were performed using MedCalc Software d .…”

“…Statistical analyses of the treatment trial data were performed using SAS 9.1 computer software e . An ordinal logistic regression was carried out using the logistics procedure in SAS with the ascarid ultrasound score (1)(2)(3)(4) as the outcome variable. Explanatory variables evaluated included the ascarid faecal egg counts, the strongyle faecal egg counts, and foal sex, birth month, treatment group, day of the treatment week and ultrasound quality score.…”

“…The large equine roundworm, Parascaris spp., primarily infects foals, weanlings and yearlings, and is present in virtually every breeding establishment. In high numbers, ascarid parasites in the small intestine pose a significant threat for small intestinal impaction and rupture, which is associated with a guarded to poor prognosis for survival . Ascarid impaction in the small intestine typically occurs in horses younger than 12 months, with the majority in the 5–8 month range, often coinciding with the time of weaning, but may also occur sporadically at younger ages .…”

Multilayer assembly of ionic starches on old corrugated container recycled cellulosic fibers

“…Numerous parameters such as temperature, charge density and molecular weight of polyelectrolyte, ionic strength and pH value of polyelectrolyte solutions, adsorption time and rinsing procedure affect the assembly mechanism of the polyelectrolyte or growth model of the films . Moreover, the structure and interfacial properties of PEMs are governed by the choice of polycation/polyanion pairs, the surface properties of substrates and interactions between the two polyelectrolytes constituting the multilayer …”