Drugs are directly connected to the approaches by which they are administered and their delivery affects cellular uptake, biodistribution, toxicity, and excretion. Drug delivery methods are also necessary to be modified with the development of new therapeutic agents. This review summarizes the information about advancements in the field of drug delivery and mechanisms of drug action followed by factors affecting biocompatibility. Graphene, graphene oxide, mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs), iron oxide nanoparticles, polyethylene glycol ligands and gold nanoparticles are prominent advancements in the field of drug delivery. These nanocarriers are engulfed by the cells through endocytosis followed by intracellular trafficking to reach the cytoplasm and their biocompatibility can be affected by various physicochemical parameters like surface charge, size, and shape. This review article may prove essential for the modification of drug delivery methods with the development of new therapeutic agents to eliminate the hurdles in near future.* Drug carrier should be physiologically active. * Visiting molecules security and loading should be high. * No drug release before reaching target point. * Cells should be capable of accepting drug agents efficiently. * There should be controlled release of drug agents at target point.In order to fulfill these conditions, various strategies had been planned to synthesize the drug delivery system. Liposome based nanoparticles, [7] dendrimers and polymer have been used for drug delivery operating under physical environment. [8] Recently inorganic nanoparticles based drug delivery and carbon nanotubes have opened a new area in this field. [9] Nanocarriers like gold, semiconductor nano crystal, silica based nanomaterials [10] are mostly researched and has become a promising candidate for this field. [11] Mesoporous silica nanoparticle having size less than 500 nm are very attractive as drug carrier because of pore volume, high surface area and changeable pore sizes. [12] They are being used as a vehicle for delivery of therapeutic agents. [13] Some gate-keepers are needed to trap the drug agents inside mesoporous silica nanoparticles surface. [14] Polydopamine is a good gate keeper for this purpose and has the capability to make different compatible materials like polymer, semiconductors and ceramics by personal polymerization of dopamine in hydrophilic solution. [15] This is a recognized gate keeper on mesoporous silica surface and is much sensitive towards pH. By covering surface with polydopamine, cargo is loaded at neutral pH and moves out at lower pH. [16] Bio-based substances are being utilized as an important element in DDS as they have the polysaccharide based nanocarriers which are dominating due to their low poisonous nature, constancy after loading the therapeutic agents and biodegradability. [17] Moreover, the use of polysaccharide based aerogel has been increasing in the medicinal industry because of lightweight material and good surface area. [18] DDS qualities are tune...