GEMAS: Cadmium distribution and its sources in agricultural and grazing land soil of Europe — Original data versus clr-transformed data

Birke, Manfred; Reimann, Clemens; Rauch, Uwe; Ladenberger, Anna; Demetriades, Alecos; Jähne‐Klingberg, Fabian; Oorts, Koen; Gosar, Mateja; Dinelli, Enrico; Halamić, Josip

doi:10.1016/j.gexplo.2016.11.007

Cited by 84 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Cadmium content for pyrites reached up to 300 mg/kg in the median, 1600 mg/kg in the maximum, and depending on the pyrite content in the aquifer matrix, up to 2.6 mg/kg in the bulk sediment (Houben et al ). That study was spatially limited to a relatively small area, although it is conceivable that similar values could be encountered locally in glacial deposits, which are common in our study area (Birke et al ; Houben et al ). Thus glacial deposits in the study area could be a significant source of geogenic Cd, which is already evident by the relatively higher Cd concentrations in groundwater in the Geesten hydrogeological unit.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 80%

“…The Quaternary sedimentary cover in the northern part of Central Europe is known to be enriched in Cd relative to the remainder of Central Europe. Birke et al () concluded that apart from its glacial history, the Cd budget in this region must have been influenced by mineralization, bonding to organic matter in organic‐rich soils, Cd emissions from Zn smelters, and an agricultural overprint. Contrary to Cd, other heavy metals have a higher sorption capacity to mineral surfaces (Lynch et al ), which can be an explanation of missing elevated concentrations, for example, of Zn, Pb, and Ni, in groundwaters where Cd concentrations were increased.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Our study suggests that elevated Cd concentrations in groundwater are related to 1) the occurrence of farmland or woodland, 2) insufficient groundwater cover protection of sandy aquifers, and 3) release of geogenic Cd from sediments through nitrate reduction coupled with pyrite oxidation. Besides, an input of anthropogenic Cd from historical industrial and agricultural processes cannot be excluded (Birke et al ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Atmospheric emission, wastewater reuse, and agricultural activities (UNEP ; Sprynskyy et al ; ATSDR ) can serve as diffuse sources, causing a widespread distribution of Cd. Beyond this, Cd release into the environment can occur from geogenic sources, such as soils, sediments, and rocks (Birke et al ). Processes controlling Cd concentrations in groundwater are mainly the dissolution of Cd‐bearing minerals, such as sulfides, sorption, and desorption processes due to pH changes, advective transport, and formation of aqueous Cd complexes (Kjeldsen et al ; Caetano et al ; He et al ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cadmium Background Levels in Groundwater in an Area Dominated by Agriculture

Kubier

Hamer

Pichler

2019

Integr Envir Assess & Manag

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Cadmium is a highly toxic trace metal, which can be of geogenic or anthropogenic origin, for example, minerals, phosphate fertilizers, and combustion emissions. Due to its low sorption affinity compared to other heavy metals, Cd is easily mobilized, potentially resulting in elevated Cd concentrations in groundwater. This study assessed background levels of Cd in groundwater related to hydrogeology and hydrogeochemical processes through evaluation of a large hydrogeochemical data set composed of groundwater analyses from 6300 wells in Northwestern Germany. Calculated Cd background levels in groundwater were between 0.01 µg/L in hydrogeological units with mainly reducing conditions and 0.98 µg/L in less reducing groundwater recharge areas. The results showed that groundwater Cd concentrations above 0.5 µg/L (the German threshold value) are not necessarily elevated but could be the regional or ambient background level, depending on the hydrogeological unit. What would be considered as ambient background levels, however, indicated the influence by continuous intensive land use as well as the local geology, which is dominated by glacial deposits. Cadmium concentrations in groundwater were mainly controlled by hydrogeochemical and hydrogeological parameters and not by the amount of anthropogenic Cd input, in particular through the use of phosphate fertilizers. Instead, analyses of the solid phase revealed that Cd release from the aquifer matrix due to changes in hydrogeochemical parameters was more likely. Aquifer sediments in Northwestern Germany can be enriched in Cd originating from multiple sources, which in turn can cause elevated Cd concentrations in groundwater. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2019;00:1–11. © 2019 The Authors. Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of Society of Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry (SETAC)

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 80%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Cadmium Background Levels in Groundwater in an Area Dominated by Agriculture

Kubier

Hamer

Pichler

2019

Integr Envir Assess & Manag

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“…Nowadays, numerous metallic elements are treated as widespread environmental pollutants and a very good example is cadmium (Cd), one of the most highly toxic substances that has been ranked no. 7 among top 20 toxicants (Birke et al, 2017;Gill et al, 2012). Cd is generally considered a non-essential transition metal since to date there is only one documented example of a protein requiring Cd as a cofactor, a Cd-specific carboanhydrase in the marine diatom Thalassiosira weissflogii (Lane et al, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Root responses of contrasting tomato genotypes to cadmium-induced stress

Borges¹

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The effect of polystyrene microplastic and biosolid application on the toxicity and bioaccumulation of cadmium for Enchytraeus crypticus

Ozturk

Ozkul

Topuz

2022

Integr Envir Assess & Manag

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Plastics smaller than 5 mm that end up in a soil environment are known as microplastics (MPs). Microplastics have become a common contaminant in agricultural areas in addition to metals. However, the effect of cadmium (Cd) on soil organisms has not been clearly defined in the presence of MPs. In addition to MPs, biosolid application as a soil amendment in agricultural lands is also leading to shifts in soil conditions, such as the concentrations of nutrients and organic matter. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate the toxicity and bioaccumulation of Cd for Enchytraeus crypticus in the presence of polystyrene (PS)-MPs and biosolids to provide insight into their possible interactions. The lethal toxic concentration (LC50) for Cd was higher than 650 mg Cd/kg dry soil for all conditions. The presence of PS-MPs increased the toxicity of Cd for which EC50 was 102 and 38 mg Cd/kg dry soil without and with Cd, respectively, which may be the result of an increased exposure rate through adsorption of Cd on PS-MPs. On the contrary, the presence of biosolids decreased the toxicity of Cd where EC50 was 193 and 473 mg Cd/kg dry soil for the sets applied with 0.6 and 0.9 g biosolids, respectively. Coexistence of biosolids and PS-MPs decreased the reproduction toxicity of Cd, which is similar to the biosolid effect (EC50 is 305 mg Cd/kg dry soil). Bioaccumulation of Cd only positively correlated with its initial concentration in soil and was not affected by the presence of PS-MPs or biosolids.

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GEMAS: Cadmium distribution and its sources in agricultural and grazing land soil of Europe — Original data versus clr-transformed data

Cited by 84 publications

References 21 publications

Cadmium Background Levels in Groundwater in an Area Dominated by Agriculture

Cadmium Background Levels in Groundwater in an Area Dominated by Agriculture

Root responses of contrasting tomato genotypes to cadmium-induced stress

The effect of polystyrene microplastic and biosolid application on the toxicity and bioaccumulation of cadmium for Enchytraeus crypticus

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