Gender Influence on Post-resistance Exercise Hypotension and Hemodynamics

Abstract

Post-resistance exercise hypotension has been extensively described in men and women. However, gender influence on this response has not yet been clear. Gender might change post-exercise hemodynamics, since men and women respond differently during exercise. Thus, the purpose was to compare post-resistance exercise hypotension and its hemodynamic determinants in men and women. Normotensive subjects (22-male, 22-female) underwent 2 sessions: control (40 min of rest) and exercise (6 resistance exercises, 3 sets, 20 repetitions, at 40-50% of 1RM). Blood pressure, heart rate, and cardiac output were measured prior to and following interventions. Blood pressure decrease after exercise was similar between the genders. However, hemodynamic determinants responded differently in men and women. Systemic vascular resistance reduced in women (-4.6±1.9U, P<0.05), while cardiac output decreased in men (-0.6±0.2 L/min, P<0.05). This response was accompanied by a decrease in stroke volume in men (-21.6±5.1 ml, P<0.05) and a more pronounced increase in heart rate in men than in women (+11.3±1.3 vs. +6.5±1.7 bpm, P<0.05, respectively). In conclusion, post-resistance exercise hypotension was similar in men and women. However, its hemodynamic determinants differ between the genders, depending on cardiac output decrease in men and on systemic vascular resistance decrease in women.

Chronic resistance training does not affect post-exercise blood pressure in normotensive older women: a randomized controlled trial

“…The magnitude of these changes in BP are within the range of values that has been observed in younger and middle-aged normotensive healthy subjects (Queiroz et al 2009(Queiroz et al , 2013(Queiroz et al , 2014 and slightly lower (especially for DBP) than that observed in normotensive/pre-hypertensive overweight and obese middle-aged women (−7 mmHg for SBP and −6 mmHg for DBP) (Tibana et al 2013). It is not clear why a lower magnitude of post-exercise hypotension was observed when compared with Tibana and colleagues' investigation (Tibana et al 2013).…”

Hypotension and heart rate variability after resistance exercise performed maximal and submaximal order

“…Ainda a diferença de sexo no que diz respeito ao comportamento cardiovascular pós-esforço parece refletir mais em mecanismos de atuação do que na duração e magnitude dessas respostas, ou seja, quando o objetivo do estudo se limita a observação da duração e da magnitude dos fenômenos sem se preocupar com seus mecanismos, como é o caso da presente investigação, a mistura de gêneros não se mostra como uma característica que pudesse gerar respostas diferentes em tais comportamentos e com isso minimizar a credibilidade da extrapolação dos resultados para homens e mulheres. (Queiroz et al, 2013). Em relação ao volume, mesmo com a literatura ilustrando melhores respostas hipotensivas com maiores volumes de treinamento, a busca por estratégias que pudessem reduzir o volume de treinamento, e ainda assim proporcionar queda pressórica não deveria cessar, tendo em vista que essa situação caracteriza uma maior segurança de execução, principalmente se pensarmos no treinamento de grupos especiais como hipertensos e cardiopatas.…”

Acute Effect of Caffeine Intake on Hemodynamics after Resistance Exercise in Young Non-hypertensive Subjects

“…METHODS Subjects The sample consisted of 15 healthy, non--smoking volunteers (12 male, three female) who had recreational resistance training experience, were non--hypertensive (SBP and DBP lower than 140/90 mmHg, respectively), had no orthopedic problems, and used no substances or medications with cardiovascular effects. Post--resistance exercise hypotension (Queiroz et al, 2013) and cardiovascular response related to caffeine intake (MacDougall, Musante, Castillo, & Acevedo, 1988) are similar in men and women. All subjects were light caffeine habituated (<250 ml of black coffee by day) (Noordzij et al 2005).…”