The LI-BFR session exhibited similar blood lactate to the HI, a higher rating of perceived response than the HI and LI, and equal or lower hemodynamic responses than the HI.

In comparison with high-intensity resistance exercise, low-intensity resistance exercise with BFR can elicit: (i) same haemodynamic values during exercise; (ii) lower rating of perceived exertion; (iii) lower blood lactate; (iv) higher haemodynamic demand during the rest intervals.

Abstract Background and Objectives Multicomponent training (MT) combines aerobic, strength, postural, and balance exercises, and may be a promising intervention strategy for dementia. This meta-analysis study aims to systematize evidence concerning the effectiveness of MT in physical fitness, cognition, and functionality on activities of daily living (ADL) in older adults with dementia, and to identify moderation patterns regarding training variables. Research Design and Methods Four databases were systematically searched to locate potential trials through March 2019. A total of 2.312 records were identified and a final set of 17 manuscripts reviewed; of these, 6 satisfied all eligibility criteria. Results Samples sizes ranged from 27 to 170 participants; MT programs lasted between 4 weeks up to 12 months, took place from a daily basis to twice a week, and sessions ranged from 30-60 min. The TESTEX scale was used to analyze the methodological quality, and the funnel plots to assess risk of bias. This meta-analysis revealed that MT interventions benefit older adults with dementia regarding ADL’s performance (ES= 0.313 [0.16 to 0.46]; p<0.01), but the evidence was not sufficiently robust to determine the effectiveness of MT on cognitive function and physical fitness, particularly, on agility. Discussion and Implications MT may be an important non-pharmacological strategy to enhance ADL’s functionality on older adults with dementia. Findings suggest that long-term interventions are more prevailing than high frequency and longer duration exercise sessions. Further evidence is needed for acknowledging its benefits in specific cognitive abilities and physical fitness. This meta-analysis is registered in PROSPERO (no. CRD42020141545).

Objective: To assess the cardiovascular responses after resistance exercise performed in different work models and volume. Methods: Ten healthy men randomly performed sessions with eight exercises (18 repetitions and 40% of 1RM) and one control session on different days.The exercise sessions were performed with one set in circuit (1CIRC), three sets in circuit (3CIRC), one set of conventional pattern (1CONV) and three sets of conventional pattern (3CONV). Blood pressure (BP) and heart rate variability (HRV) were monitored for a period of one hour after the sessions. Results: Considering the average obtained during the 60-min monitoring period, concerning the systolic BP, only the 3CIRC session (-9.4 ± 3.0 mmHg; P = 0.02) caused reduction in the control session. Regarding diastolic BP, the 1CIRC (-5.7 ± 1.8 mmHg; P = 0.005), 3CIRC (-8.4 ± 1.6 mmHg, P = 0.0002) and 3CONV sessions (-8.6 ± 2.2 mmHg; P = 0.0001) caused reduction concerning the control session. Similarly, mean blood pressure was reduced compared to control after 1CIRC (-5.0 ± 1.8 mmHg, P = 0.02), 3CIRC (-8.7 ± 1.6 mmHg, P = 0.0002) and 3CONV sessions (-7.9 ± 1.9 mmHg, P = 0.0006). Concerning HR, it was also higher in the 1CONV (P = 0.001) and 3CONV sessions (P = 0.04) after the 3CIRC session. The LF/HF component of the HRV was higher in relation to control session after the 3CIRC session. Conclusion: The sessions involving larger volume caused BP reduction in a similar manner. However, the 3CIRC session caused higher post-exercise cardiac effort.

The relative effects of resistance training (RT) upon muscle fitness and immune function among HIV-infected patients are uncertain. The purpose of this study was to perform a meta-analysis to determine the effects of RT upon muscle strength, muscle mass and CD4 cells count and to identify potential moderators of those outcomes in HIV-infected patients. Meta-analyses use random or fixed-effects model depending on the heterogeneity of effect sizes, complemented with Hedge's g correction factor. Thirteen trials were meta-analysed. Overall, RT increased muscle strength (35.5%, P < 0.01) and CD4 cell count (26.1%, P = 0.003) versus controls (P < 0.03), but not muscle mass (P = 0.051). Meta-regression followed by subgroup moderator analysis showed that gains in muscle strength followed a dose-response pattern with largest increase detected among trials with longer (24 weeks; 49.3%) than shorter intervention (<12 weeks; 39%), higher (Physiotherapy Evidence-Based Database [PEDro] scale = 6; 38.3%) than lower (PEDro = 5; 28.1%) quality, and longer (12 months; 59.7%) than shorter time under highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) (<6 months; 37.1%), (P < 0.01). RT appears to be efficacious to improve muscular strength (~35.5%) and CD4 cell count (~26.1%), but not muscle mass of HIV-infected patients. Effects upon strength were greater in studies with higher quality and among trials with longer RT and HAART.