Gender, Public Opinion, and Political Reasoning

Huddy, Leonie; Cassese, Erin C.; Lizotte, Mary Kate

doi:10.1017/cbo9780511790621.005

Cited by 95 publications

(71 citation statements)

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“…Not only are women more likely than men to support a host of gender equality policies such as fair pay, parental leave and child care subsidies, access to birth control, and protection from job discrimination in hiring and promotion (Barnes and Córdova 2016;Cassese and Barnes 2016;Cassese, Barnes, and Branton 2015;Deckman and McTague 2015;Strolovitch 1998) but policy preferences also diverge across a wide range of issues that are not explicitly gendered. For instance, women are more liberal on issues of social welfare, morality, and government use of force (Huddy, Cassese, and Lizotte 2008;Kaufmann 2002Kaufmann , 2006Shapiro and Mahajan 1986). Women also tend to favor government spending on education, health care, and welfare (Schlesinger and Heldman 2001).…”

Section: Gender Gaps In Public Opinion and Partisanshipmentioning

confidence: 99%

American Party Women

Barnes

Cassese

2016

Political Research Quarterly

114

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ArticleTraditionally, women were more politically conservative than men. Yet, in the early 1980s, women began realigning, shifting to the left of men and reversing the gender gap in developed democracies across the globe (BoxSteffensmeier, De Boef, and Lin 2004;Inglehart and Norris 2003). Today, women in the United States are more likely to identify with the Democratic Party, vote for Democratic Party candidates, and hold liberal positions on social issues. Although scholars have devoted considerable attention to understanding the gender gap in public opinion, existing research focuses almost exclusively on average differences between men and womenemphasizing women's liberal tendencies and defining women's political identity almost entirely in liberal terms. While women's greater average liberalism is well established empirically, approximately one in four women identify with the Republican Party-a figure that translates into millions of American women who buck this liberal trend (Deckman 2016). Because existing research has focused on average differences between men and women, we know little about sources of heterogeneity among women.Does the gender gap extend to the Republican Party, with Republican women holding more liberal views than their male counterparts? To date, most research about Republican women has focused on the elite level, investigating factors like party structure, activists and donors, conservative women's groups, and candidates for political office (Cooperman and Crowder-Meyer 2015;Thomsen 2015). Comparatively little research has considered the attitudes and issue preferences of Republican women in the electorate. 1 In recent years, the United States has seen a rise in high-profile Republican women running for office and the development of a conservative women's movement (Schreiber 2008(Schreiber , 2014. The surge in conservative appeals to women, coupled with the increased salience of and polarization on "women's issues"-for example, the Mommy Wars and the Republican War on Women-requires that scholars revisit the conventional wisdom about women's political identities.Building on the burgeoning body of research on partisan sorting, we develop expectations regarding the intersection between gender and party. Theories of partisan sorting suggest that women and men sort themselves into the party that best represents their views-such that the AbstractResearch on the gender gap in American politics has focused on average differences between male and female voters. This has led to an underdeveloped understanding of sources of heterogeneity among women and, in particular, a poor understanding of the political preferences of Republican women. We argue that although theories of ideological sorting suggest gender gaps should exist primarily between political parties, gender socialization theories contend that critical differences lie at the intersection of gender and party such that gender differences likely persist within political parties. Using survey data from the 2012 American National Election ...

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Section: Gender Gaps In Public Opinion and Partisanshipmentioning

confidence: 99%

American Party Women

Barnes

Cassese

2016

Political Research Quarterly

114

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“…More recently, Danny Hayes has explored the traits that citizens associate with the parties' presidential nominees, but without an explicit focus on the gendered nature of those trait attributions (2005). 2 For overviews of the gender gap literature, see Huddy et al (2008) and Sapiro (2003, pp. 605-610).…”

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confidence: 99%

Masculine Republicans and Feminine Democrats: Gender and Americans’ Explicit and Implicit Images of the Political Parties

2010

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During the past three decades Americans have come to view the parties increasingly in gendered terms of masculinity and femininity. Utilizing three decades of American National Election Studies data and the results of a cognitive reaction-time experiment, this paper demonstrates empirically that these connections between party images and gender stereotypes have been forged at the explicit level of the traits that Americans associate with each party, and also at the implicit level of unconscious cognitive connections between gender and party stereotypes. These connections between the parties and masculinity and femininity have important implications for citizens' political cognition and for the study of American political behavior.Over the past 40 years American society has experienced huge and controversial shifts in women's rights and in men's and women's roles. Over this period the two major political parties have presented substantially different gender images to the public: they have polarized on women's rights and abortion, female candidates have become both more common and more likely to be Democrats, a gender gap has Earlier versions of this paper were presented at the

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“…The gender gap in American politics is elusive and mysterious. Women are more liberal than men on some issues, but not on others (Huddy, Cassese, & Lizotte, ; Sapiro, ). Similarly, the gender gap in the exercise of political voice appears in some forms of political action but not others and in some settings but not others (Burns, Schlozman, & Verba, ; Karpowitz & Mendelberg, ).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…And so, the gender gap has a chameleon quality; now you see it, now you don't. Moreover, the gap is often rather “modest,” “negligible,” or even “tiny” in size (Burns & Kinder, , p. 150; Huddy et al, , pp. 31, 46).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Power, Gender, and Group Discussion

Mendelberg

Karpowitz

2016

Political Psychology

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This article reviews the growing literature on the ways in which gender informs our understanding of political psychology and how studies of political psychology shed light on the meaning of gender in society and politics. It focuses on gender gaps in contemporary American politics, where men tend to be more conservative and to engage in more influence-seeking action than women. The article develops explanations for these gaps and tests them with experimental data. The gender gaps in political attitudes and behaviors are not immutable but rather strongly responsive to the context. Two important features of the context are the gender composition of those present and the rules that govern how decisions are made and consequently how individuals communicate.

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Gender, Public Opinion, and Political Reasoning

Cited by 95 publications

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American Party Women

American Party Women

Masculine Republicans and Feminine Democrats: Gender and Americans’ Explicit and Implicit Images of the Political Parties

Power, Gender, and Group Discussion

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