Gene expression profiling of hair-dying agent, para-phenylenediamine, in human keratinocytes (HaCaT) cells

So, Young-jin，; Shin, Chan-Young; Song, Mee; Rha, YoungAh; Ryu, Jae‐Chun

doi:10.1007/s13273-011-0043-8

Cited by 10 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Previous studies reported that exposure to >250 μ M and >60 μ M PPD resulted in considerable cytotoxicity in dendritic cells ( 17 ) and keratinocytes ( 18 ), respectively. Therefore, the current study aimed to determine the cytotoxic effects of PPD on nHHDPCs at concentrations of 0, 100, 200, 300, 400, 500 and 600 μ M using a WST-1-based cell viability assay.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Implication of microRNA regulation in para-phenylenediamine-induced cell death and senescence in normal human hair dermal papilla cells

Lee

Jun

Lee

et al. 2015

Molecular Medicine Reports

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Para-phenylenediamine (PPD) is a major component of hair coloring and black henna products. Although it has been largely demonstrated that PPD induces allergic reactions and increases the risk of tumors in the kidney, liver, thyroid gland and urinary bladder, the effect on dermal papilla cells remains to be elucidated. Therefore, the current study evaluated the effects of PPD on growth, cell death and senescence using cell-based assays and microRNA (miRNA) microarray in normal human hair dermal papilla cells (nHHDPCs). Cell viability and cell cycle analyses demonstrated that PPD exhibited a significant cytotoxic effect on nHHDPCs through inducing cell death and G2 phase cell cycle arrest in a dose-dependent manner. It was additionally observed that treatment of nHHDPCs with PPD induced cellular senescence by promoting cellular oxidative stress. In addition, the results of the current study indicated that these PPD-mediated effects were involved in the alteration of miRNA expression profiles. Treatment of nHHDPCs with PPD altered the expression levels of 74 miRNAs by ≥2-fold (16 upregulated and 58 downregulated miRNAs). Further bioinformatics analysis determined that these identified miRNA target genes were likely to be involved in cell growth, cell cycle arrest, cell death, senescence and the induction of oxidative stress. In conclusion, the observations of the current study suggested that PPD was able to induce several cytotoxic effects through alteration of miRNA expression levels in nHHDPCs.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Implication of microRNA regulation in para-phenylenediamine-induced cell death and senescence in normal human hair dermal papilla cells

Lee

Jun

Lee

et al. 2015

Molecular Medicine Reports

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“…The major application site of PPD is skin epidermal layer, but cellular toxicity on keratinocytes in response to PPD has only recently been reported. Recent studies have demonstrated that up-regulation of genes involved in inflammatory response to PPD and cytotoxic effect with induction of DNA damage on keratinocytes against to PPD [ 37 , 38 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rhus semialata M. extract ameliorate para-phenylenediamine-induced toxicity in keratinocytes

et al. 2021

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“…Metabolic activation of aromatic amines is not likely to occur in human skin, since basal expression of oxidative enzymes is low or even not detectable (32). However, PPD is able to induce CYP1A1 in keratinocytes (95) and PTD was found to bind to the aryl hydrocarbon receptor and induce CYP1A activity (94), which was also the case for acetylated aminofluorene (96). The relevance of these findings is unclear but may lead to increased capacities towards other CYP1 substrates.…”

Section: Potentials For Metabolic Activation In the Skinmentioning

confidence: 99%

N-acetylation of aromatic amines Implication for skin and immune cells

Bonifas

Blömeke

2015

Front Biosci

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Frequently, aromatic amine (AA) contact to the skin occurs via occupational or 'life style' exposure to hair dye intermediates and couplers, usually monocyclic p-phenylenediamines and meta-substituted aminophenols. The transport of AA from the outer surface to the systemic circulation predominantly follows the intracellular route. Skin tends to have relatively higher phase II compared to phase I xenobiotic metabolizing enzyme capacity, and levels are generally regarded as lower than those in liver. Inside skin cells AA are primarily N-acetylated and detoxified by N-acetyltransferase 1. AA activation via hydroxylation or chemical oxidation competes with acetylation and is only of importance under circumstances when N-acetylation capacities are limited. The reactive AA derivatives are able to elicit effects by virtue of their modifications of skin proteins resulting in irritant or allergic contact dermatitis. Overall, the effective acetylation of topically applied AAs in skin cells emphasizes a protective role of cutaneous acetylation mediating a classical "first-pass" effect, which attenuates systemic exposure.

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Gene expression profiling of hair-dying agent, para-phenylenediamine, in human keratinocytes (HaCaT) cells

Cited by 10 publications

References 29 publications

Implication of microRNA regulation in para-phenylenediamine-induced cell death and senescence in normal human hair dermal papilla cells

Implication of microRNA regulation in para-phenylenediamine-induced cell death and senescence in normal human hair dermal papilla cells

Rhus semialata M. extract ameliorate para-phenylenediamine-induced toxicity in keratinocytes

N-acetylation of aromatic amines Implication for skin and immune cells

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