Gene organization and characterization of the complete mitogenome of Hypsugo alaschanicus (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae)

Abstract

ABSTRACT. We sequenced and characterized the complete mitogenome of Hypsugo alaschanicus (Vespertilionidae) to provide more data for comparative mitogenomics of the genus Hypsugo. The mitogenome of H. alaschanicus is a circular molecule of 17,300 bp, consisting of a control region and a typically conserved set of 37 vertebrate genes containing 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 22 tRNA genes, and two rRNA genes (12S rRNA and 16S rRNA). The mitogenome of H. alaschanicus is AT-biased, with a nucleotide composition of 34.1 A, 30.9 T, 22.4 C, and 12.6% G. In the 13 mitochondrial PCGs of H. alaschanicus, the start codon ATG is used in all PCGs, except Nd2 and Nd3 (which use ATT), and Nd5 (which uses ATA). Eight PCGs (Nd1, Cox1, Cox2, Atp8, Atp6, Nd4L, Nd5, and Nd6) use TAA as the stop codon, while the stop codon AGA occurs only in Cytb. Incomplete stop codons (T--) are used in the other four PCGs (Cox3, Nd2, Nd3, and Nd4). These findings contribute to our understanding of the nucleotide composition and molecular evolution of the mitogenomes of the genus Hypsugo, and provide more data for comparative mitogenomics and higher phylogeny in the family Vespertilionidae.

Complete Mitochondrial Genome of Three Species of the Genus Microtus (Arvicolinae, Rodentia)

“…The most abundant start and stop codons were ATG and TAA, respectively, a finding that agrees with previous work on other mammal mitogenomes [ 30 , 31 , 35 , 37 , 65 , 66 ]. Incomplete stop codons (T-- or TA-), like those used in three PCGs ( Nd1 , Cox3 , and Nd4 ), are commonly observed in metazoan mitogenomes.…”

“…This region is located between tRNA-Asn and tRNA-Cys in the WANCY region, which refers to a cluster of five tRNA genes (tRNA-Trp, tRNA-Ala, tRNA-Asn, tRNA-Cys and tRNA-Tyr). The same organization is present in other Microtus and Arvicolinae species, as well as in most mammal species [31,37,38,57]. Hence, the OR from the mitogenomes of other Microtus species varies in length from 34 to 40 bp, while in most Arvicolinae species it is 34 bp in length and is highly conserved (Figure 2).…”

“…Traditionally, complete mitogenomes have been sequenced by PCR amplification of overlapping fragments [ 30 , 31 ]. However, next-generation sequencing (NGS) now allows us to assemble much more easily the whole mitochondrial genome due to its high-copy portion in relation to the nuclear DNA [ 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 ].…”

The published complete mitochondrial genome of Eptesicus serotinus is a chimera of Vespertilio sinensis and Hypsugo alaschanicus (Mammalia: Chiroptera)

“…This shows that KF111725 is a chimera of V. sinensis and H. alaschanicus. The laboratory that produced this mitogenome has indeed also produced mitogenomes of V. sinensis (Yoon et al 2016) and H. alaschanicus (Kim and Park 2015;Kim et al 2019). However, because none of these sequences contained any DNA of E. serotinus, we suspect that KF111725 was initially misidentified as V. sinensis, followed by transfer of a DNA fragment of H. alaschanicus, either as template DNA prior to PCR amplification, or as PCR product prior to sequencing, or as a DNA sequence fragment during sequence assembly/editing.…”

Revealing the complete mitogenome sequence of Hypsugo alaschanicus based on next generation sequencing

“…And in agricultural production, the excreta is a rare agricultural fertilizer (Schnitzler and Kalko 2001). The sequencing of the mitochondrial genome of H. alaschanicus from Korea had been completed through Sanger sequencing (Kim and Park 2015). In this study, H. alaschanicus from China was sequenced by nextgeneration sequencing.…”