Food-grade
high internal phase Pickering emulsions (HIPPEs), as
a promising delivery system for functional substances used in the
field of food, medicine, and cosmetics, have attracted considerable
attention nowadays. However, most of these functional substances would
be easily oxidized due to the sensitivity to oxygen, light, and heat.
Therefore, it is crucial to find a new strategy which could efficiently
improve the antioxidation of the Pickering system. Here, a novel antioxidative
HIPPE stabilized by tea polyphenol nanoparticles (TPNPs) was prepared
in this study. TPNPs with a high content of active epigallocatechin
gallate component were used as stabilizers, and flaxseed oil was used
as the oil phase in this Pickering system. The particle size, zeta
potential, morphology, and wettability tests were carried out to investigate
the feasibility of TPNPs as Pickering stabilizers. The results indicated
that TPNPs with appropriate size (100–400 nm), spherical morphology,
and medium wettability (θow ≈ 90°) could
meet the demands of Pickering stabilizers. The stability experiments
showed that Pickering emulsions exhibited a remarkable physical stability
(the emulsification index was up to 100%). Notably, the antioxidant
assays demonstrated that the formed emulsion still performed a strong
antioxidative capacity after one-month storage. Besides, the gel-like
HIPPEs were also successfully obtained at low particle concentrations
(1–2%) with the help of polyethylene glycol or just at the
high particle concentrations (3–4%) in this study. The rheological
measurements exhibited the highly stability of the gel-like emulsions.
We expected that this work would be beneficial to the transportation
and protection of sensitive functional compounds which could be better
used in food, cosmetics, and pharmaceutical systems.