Genes encoding plastid acetyl-CoA carboxylase and 3-phosphoglycerate kinase of the
            <i>Triticum</i>
            /
            <i>Aegilops</i>
            complex and the evolutionary history of polyploid wheat

Huang, Shaoxing; Sirikhachornkit, Anchalee; Su, Xinxin; Faris, Justin D.; Gill, Bikram S.; Haselkorn, Robert; Górnicki, Piotr

doi:10.1073/pnas.072223799

Cited by 581 publications

(505 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…This differentiation was expected based on the high level of RFLP polymorphism observed between the A and B genomes and the limited sequence similarity observed between the wheat genomes outside gene regions (Anderson et al 1998). The A and B genomes diverged approximately 2.5-4.5 million years ago (Huang et al 2002), providing a long period of time for divergence. Dating of 11 retrotransposon insertions in a 215-kb region of T. monococcum (SanMiguel et al 2002) showed that all of them were inserted during the last 4.5 million years and that more than half of them were inserted in the last 2.5 million years, after the divergence of the A and B genome diploid species.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, an active process of deletion of repetitive elements was detected in the intergenic regions, leading to an almost complete differentiation of the colinear intergenic regions from wheat and barley after 10-15 million years of divergence (SanMiguel et al 2002). The divergence of the A-genome species, T. monococcum (A m ) and T. urartu (A), occurred more recently (approximately 0.5-1 million years; Huang et al 2002). A comparison between 300 kb of homologous sequence from chromosomes 5A m and 5A (from tetraploid wheat) has shown that 75% of the intergenic regions present in T. monococcum have no similar sequences in the A genome of tetraploid wheat (J.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Triticum monococcum is a species closely related to T. urartu, the A-genome donor of cultivated polyploid wheats (Dvorak et al 1993). None of the diploid species has a genome that matches perfectly the B genome from polyploid wheats (Dvorak and Zhang 1990;Huang et al 2002). Therefore, the B genome needs to be cloned from a polyploid species.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Construction and characterization of a half million clone BAC library of durum wheat (Triticum turgidum ssp. durum)

et al. 2003

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Durum wheat (Triticum turgidum ssp. durum, 2n = 4x = 28, genomes AB) is an economically important cereal used as the raw material to make pasta and semolina. In this paper we present the construction and characterization of a bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) library of tetraploid durum wheat cv. Langdon. This variety was selected because of the availability of substitution lines that facilitate the assignment of BACs to the A and B genome. The selected Langdon line has a 30-cM segment of chromosome 6BS from T. turgidum ssp. dicoccoides carrying a gene for high grain protein content, the target of a positional cloning effort in our laboratory. A total of 516,096 clones were organized in 1,344 384-well plates and blotted on 28 high-density filters. Ninety-eight percent of these clones had wheat DNA inserts (0.3% chloroplast DNA, 1.4% empty clones and 0.3% empty wells). The average insert size of 500 randomly selected BAC clones was 131 kb, resulting in a coverage of 5.1-fold genome equivalents for each of the two genomes, and a 99.4% probability of recovering any gene from each of the two genomes of durum wheat. Six known copy-number probes were used to validate this theoretical coverage and gave an estimated coverage of 5.8-fold genome equivalents. Screening of the library with 11 probes related to grain storage proteins and starch biosynthesis showed that the library contains several clones for each of these genes, confirming the value of the library in characterizing the organization of these important gene families. In addition, characterization of fingerprints from colinear BACs from the A and B genomes showed a large differentiation between the A and B genomes. This library will be a useful tool for evolutionary studies in one of the best characterized polyploid systems and a source of valuable genes for wheat. Clones and high-density filters can be requested at

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Construction and characterization of a half million clone BAC library of durum wheat (Triticum turgidum ssp. durum)

et al. 2003

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“…sphaerococcum H exaploid wheat (Triticum aestivum L., genomes AABBDD) originated in the coastal area of the Caspian Sea ∼8,000 y ago from the hybridization of a tetraploid wheat (Triticum turgidum L., genomes AABB) and diploid Aegilops tauschii (genome DD) (1,2). Its polyploid nature and rapidly changing genome facilitated wheat adaptation to a wide range of environments as it spread westward into Europe and eastward into Asia (3).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of the VERNALIZATION 4 gene reveals the origin of spring growth habit in ancient wheats from South Asia

Kippes

Debernardi

Vasquez-Gross

et al. 2015

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

140

109

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Wheat varieties with a winter growth habit require long exposures to low temperatures (vernalization) to accelerate flowering. Natural variation in four vernalization genes regulating this requirement has favored wheat adaptation to different environments. The first three genes (VRN1-VRN3) have been cloned and characterized before. Here we show that the fourth gene, VRN-D4, originated by the insertion of a ∼290-kb region from chromosome arm 5AL into the proximal region of chromosome arm 5DS. The inserted 5AL region includes a copy of VRN-A1 that carries distinctive mutations in its coding and regulatory regions. Three lines of evidence confirmed that this gene is VRN-D4: it cosegregated with VRN-D4 in a high-density mapping population; it was expressed earlier than other VRN1 genes in the absence of vernalization; and induced mutations in this gene resulted in delayed flowering. VRN-D4 was found in most accessions of the ancient subspecies Triticum aestivum ssp. sphaerococcum from South Asia. This subspecies showed a significant reduction of genetic diversity and increased genetic differentiation in the centromeric region of chromosome 5D, suggesting that VRN-D4 likely contributed to local adaptation and was favored by positive selection. Three adjacent SNPs in a regulatory region of the VRN-D4 first intron disrupt the binding of GLYCINE-RICH RNA-BINDING PROTEIN 2 (TaGRP2), a known repressor of VRN1 expression. The same SNPs were identified in VRN-A1 alleles previously associated with reduced vernalization requirement. These alleles can be used to modulate vernalization requirements and to develop wheat varieties better adapted to different or changing environments.wheat | flowering | vernalization | VRN1 | Triticum aestivum ssp. sphaerococcum

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“…Two lineages of tetraploid wheat, emmer (T. turgidum, 2n 5 4x 5 28; AB) and Timopheevi (T. timopheevii Zhuk., 2n 5 4x 5 28; AG), originated less than 0.5 million years ago (Huang et al, 2002) from two separate hybridization events between A. speltoides (2n 5 2x 5 14; S), as the female parent, and Triticum urartu Tumanian ex Gandilyan (2n 5 2x 5 14; A), as the male parent (Tsunewaki, 1993;Dvorak, 1998;Kilian et al, 2007). More recent hybridizations with two additional diploid species gave rise to hexaploid wheat lineages.…”

Section: Phylogeny Of Polyploid Wheat and Genetic Nomenclature Of Locimentioning

confidence: 99%

Recurrent Deletions of Puroindoline Genes at the GrainHardnessLocus in Four Independent Lineages of Polyploid Wheat

Huang

Gill

2007

Plant Physiology

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Polyploidy is known to induce numerous genetic and epigenetic changes but little is known about their physiological bases. In wheat, grain texture is mainly determined by the Hardness (Ha) locus consisting of genes Puroindoline a (Pina) and b (Pinb). These genes are conserved in diploid progenitors but were deleted from the A and B genomes of tetraploid Triticum turgidum (AB). We now report the recurrent deletions of Pina-Pinb in other lineages of polyploid wheat. We analyzed the Ha haplotype structure in 90 diploid and 300 polyploid accessions of Triticum and Aegilops spp. Pin genes were conserved in all diploid species and deletion haplotypes were detected in all polyploid Triticum and most of the polyploid Aegilops spp. Two Pina-Pinb deletion haplotypes were found in hexaploid wheat (Triticum aestivum; ABD). Pina and Pinb were eliminated from the G genome, but maintained in the A genome of tetraploid Triticum timopheevii (AG). Subsequently, Pina and Pinb were deleted from the A genome but retained in the A m genome of hexaploid Triticum zhukovskyi (A m AG). Comparison of deletion breakpoints demonstrated that the Pina-Pinb deletion occurred independently and recurrently in the four polyploid wheat species. The implications of Pina-Pinb deletions for polyploid-driven evolution of gene and genome and its possible physiological significance are discussed.

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Genes encoding plastid acetyl-CoA carboxylase and 3-phosphoglycerate kinase of the Triticum / Aegilops complex and the evolutionary history of polyploid wheat

Cited by 581 publications

References 42 publications

Construction and characterization of a half million clone BAC library of durum wheat (Triticum turgidum ssp. durum)

Construction and characterization of a half million clone BAC library of durum wheat (Triticum turgidum ssp. durum)

Identification of the VERNALIZATION 4 gene reveals the origin of spring growth habit in ancient wheats from South Asia

Recurrent Deletions of Puroindoline Genes at the GrainHardnessLocus in Four Independent Lineages of Polyploid Wheat

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