Genetic analysis of partial rust resistance in faba beans

Abstract

Five parent populations of faba bean, differing in reaction to rust disease, were crossed to prepare a complete diallel of F1 hybrids. Detached leaves of the parents and F1 hybrids were challenged with 3 Australian rust populations and symptom development was monitored from 11 to 16 days after inoculation, using a disease score related to the percentage of leaf area covered with pustules, and a nominal value for pustule size. Additive gene action was very important in determining the response to rust disease, with ILB 3025 and ILB 3107 having similar low disease scores, Fiord and Acc 327 having high values, and Icarus an intermediate value. Cytoplasmic effects were also critical, with ILB 3025 having the most susceptible cytoplasm and ILB 3107 the most resistant, and this was most readily detected in terms of the size of the pustule. Heterosis conferred slightly lower disease scores and dominance was significant but of lesser importance than additive gene action, particularly for disease score. Rust population host gene action interactions were significant by the end of the observation period, but were much smaller than the main effects. The hybrid ILB 3107 ILB 3025 had less disease development than either parent, indicating the potential for developing more resistant cultivars using transgressive segregation. ILB 3107 shows particular promise for use as a female line as it had both nuclear and cytoplasmic factors to contribute to the development of resistant cultivars.

Faba bean breeding for resistance against biotic stresses: Towards application of marker technology

“…Macroscopical components of this partial resistance are characterized by reduction in both lesion size and infection frequency, a longer latency period and absence of necrosis Rashid & Bernier, 1986a,b, 1991Sillero et al, 2000). Information on the genetic basis of the slow-rusting resistance is still scant and both nuclear and cytoplasmic genes have been suggested to be responsible (Stoddard & Herath, 2001). However, identified 3 race-specific genes for partial resistance, two of them against race 1 and the other one against race 3.…”

“…Although chemical control of this disease has been reported (Williams, 1978;Gaunt, 1983;Yeoman et al, 1987;Marcellos et al, 1995;, it is obvious that other cost-effective and environmentally friendly alternatives to the extensive use of fungicides should be provided. On the other hand, the use of biological control (Gaunt, 1983) or systemic induced resistance (Murray & Walters, 1992;Rojas et al, 2004) and cross protection (Yarwood, 1956) is not yet viable at the commercial level (Stoddard & Herath, 2001). The use of genetic resistance is considered the most practical and efficient method for the control of this disease.…”

Identification of RAPD markers linked to the rust (Uromyces fabae) resistance gene in pea (Pisum sativum)

“…Rust (Uromyces spp. ) resistance in other legumes also shows the involvement of one, two, or three oligogenes, and even polygenes (Stavely, 1984;Edington et al, 1994;Habtu & Zadoks, 1995;Sayler et al, 1995;Kumar et al, 2001;Stoddard & Herath, 2001). Abusaleha et al (1987) reported absence of linkage of pea rust resistance with the flower and stipule base pigmentation.…”

Identification of RAPD markers linked to the Uvf-1 gene conferring hypersensitive resistance against rust (Uromyces viciae-fabae) in Vicia faba L.

“…is the causal agent of faba bean rust, a disease found worldwide that can cause up to a 70% loss in yield, particularly when the infection starts early in the season. Several methods for rust control have been developed, including biological control (Gaunt 1983), systemic induced resistance (Murray and Walters 1992;Sillero 1999) and cross protection (Yarwood 1956), but these have proved to be inapplicable at the commercial level (Stoddard and Herath 2001). Chemical control of the disease has been reported (Williams 1978;Gaunt 1983;Yeoman et al 1987;Marcellos et al 1995;, but the extensive use of fungicides is not desirable in sustainable production systems of grain legumes where the most efficient use of chemicals is pursued.…”