Genetic and Physio-Biochemical Characterization of a Novel Premature Senescence Leaf Mutant in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)

He, Yan; Li, Liangjian; Tang, Shaoqing; Wu, Jianli

doi:10.3390/ijms19082339

Cited by 20 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Zhou identified 30 autophagy-related genes (ATGs), and demonstrated their manifold functions in response to environmental stresses [ 39 ]. Though the mechanism of premature senescence has been widely studied, it is still largely elusive [ 40 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptome Analysis of Gene Expression Patterns Potentially Associated with Premature Senescence in Nicotiana tabacum L.

Zhao

et al. 2018

Molecules

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Senescence affects the remobilization of nutrients and adaption of the plant to the environment. Combined stresses can result in premature senescence in plants which exist in the field. In this study, transcriptomic analysis was performed on mature leaves and leaves in three stages of premature senescence to understand the molecular mechanism. With progressive premature senescence, a declining chlorophyll (chl) content and an increasing malonaldehyde (MDA) content were observed, while plasmolysis and cell nucleus pyknosis occurred, mitochondria melted, thylakoid lamellae were dilated, starch grains in chloroplast decreased, and osmiophilic granules increased gradually. Moreover, in total 69 common differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in three stages of premature senescing leaves were found, which were significantly enriched in summarized Gene Ontology (GO) terms of membrane-bounded organelle, regulation of cellular component synthesis and metabolic and biosynthetic processes. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis suggested that the plant hormone signal transduction pathway was significantly enriched. The common DEGs and four senescence-related pathways, including plant hormone signal transduction, porphyrin and chlorophyll metabolism, carotenoid biosynthesis, and regulation of autophagy were selected to be discussed further. This work aimed to provide potential genes signaling and modulating premature senescence as well as the possible dynamic network of gene expression patterns for further study.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptome Analysis of Gene Expression Patterns Potentially Associated with Premature Senescence in Nicotiana tabacum L.

Zhao

et al. 2018

Molecules

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“…The most visible physiological change which takes place during leaf senescence is the gradual loss of chlorophyll [ 7 , 27 , 28 ]; this was also the case for the premature senescence experienced by rls1 ( Figure 6 A–C). The development of senescence in rls1 was accompanied by the up-regulation of SGR ( Figure 6 F); the product of this gene has been suggested to actively regulate chlorophyll degradation [ 9 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…Proteolysis is also well recognized as an indicator of senescence [ 20 ], so, as predicted, the protein content of the rls1 leaves was lower than that of WT leaves ( Figure 6 D). A reduction in Pn is yet another consequence of leaf senescence [ 7 , 11 , 28 ], and was borne out by the observation that the Pn in the leaves of rls1 was lower than in WT leaves ( Figure 6 E). The onset and progression of senescence are accompanied by numerous transcriptomic changes, among which is the up-regulation of SAG s [ 9 , 20 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Knocking Out the Gene RLS1 Induces Hypersensitivity to Oxidative Stress and Premature Leaf Senescence in Rice

Chen

et al. 2018

IJMS

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Improving a plant’s level of tolerance to oxidative stress can frequently also enhance its tolerance to several other abiotic stresses. Here, a screen of a japonica type rice T-DNA insertion mutant library identified a highly oxidative stress-sensitive mutant. The line exhibited premature leaf senescence, starting at the three-leaf stage, and the symptoms were particularly severe from the five-leaf stage onwards. The leaves progressively lost chlorophyll, suffered protein degradation and were compromised with respect to their photosynthetic activity; their leaf mesophyll and bulliform cells became shrunken, and several senescence-associated genes (SAGs), senescence-associated transcription factor genes (SATFs) and autophagy-related genes (ATGs) were progressively up-regulated. The product of the gene inactivated by the mutation, identified via positional cloning, was putatively a ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme. The gene was denoted here as RLS1 (reactive oxygen species-sensitive leaf senescence1). The phenotype of plants in which RLS1 was knocked down using RNA interference was comparable to that of the rls1 mutant. A comparative analysis of the knock-out line and the wild type leaves showed that the former accumulated more hydrogen peroxide and more malondialdehyde, expressed a heightened level of superoxide dismutase activity and a decreased level of catalase activity, and exhibited an altered transcriptional profile with respect to several SAGs, SATFs and ATGs, and that these effects were magnified when the plants were exposed to oxidative stress. The product of RLS1 is presumed to be a critical component of the rice oxidative stress response and is involved in ROS (reactive oxygen species)-mediated leaf senescence.

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“…Eventually, early leaf senescence may cause plant growth and development retardation, and yield reduction [ 72 ]. Recently, a series of leaf senescence-associated genes have been cloned and characterized in rice [ 3 , 12 , 17 , 33 , 35 , 73 ]. The lower leaves of premature leaf senescence 3 mutant ( pls3 ) firstly turned yellow at tillering stage, and senescence becomes severe at the mature stage.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rice EARLY SENESCENCE 2, encoding an inositol polyphosphate kinase, is involved in leaf senescence

et al. 2020

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Background Early leaf senescence influences yield and yield quality by affecting plant growth and development. A series of leaf senescence-associated molecular mechanisms have been reported in rice. However, the complex genetic regulatory networks that control leaf senescence need to be elucidated. Results In this study, an early senescence 2 ( es2 ) mutant was obtained from ethyl methanesulfonate mutagenesis (EMS)-induced mutational library for the Japonica rice cultivar Wuyugeng 7 (WYG7). Leaves of es2 showed early senescence at the seedling stage and became severe at the tillering stage. The contents of reactive oxygen species (ROS) significantly increased, while chlorophyll content, photosynthetic rate, catalase (CAT) activity significantly decreased in the es2 mutant. Moreover, genes which related to senescence, ROS and chlorophyll degradation were up-regulated, while those associated with photosynthesis and chlorophyll synthesis were down-regulated in es2 mutant compared to WYG7. The ES2 gene, which encodes an inositol polyphosphate kinase (OsIPK2), was fine mapped to a 116.73-kb region on chromosome 2. DNA sequencing of ES2 in the mutant revealed a missense mutation, ES2 was localized to nucleus and plasma membrane of cells, and expressed in various tissues of rice. Complementation test and overexpression experiment confirmed that ES2 completely restored the normal phenotype, with chlorophyll contents and photosynthetic rate increased comparable with the wild type. These results reveal the new role of OsIPK2 in regulating leaf senescence in rice and therefore will provide additional genetic evidence on the molecular mechanisms controlling early leaf senescence. Conclusions The ES2 gene, encoding an inositol polyphosphate kinase localized in the nucleus and plasma membrane of cells, is essential for leaf senescence in rice. Further study of ES2 will facilitate the dissection of the genetic mechanisms underlying early leaf senescence and plant growth.

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Genetic and Physio-Biochemical Characterization of a Novel Premature Senescence Leaf Mutant in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)

Cited by 20 publications

References 49 publications

Transcriptome Analysis of Gene Expression Patterns Potentially Associated with Premature Senescence in Nicotiana tabacum L.

Transcriptome Analysis of Gene Expression Patterns Potentially Associated with Premature Senescence in Nicotiana tabacum L.

Knocking Out the Gene RLS1 Induces Hypersensitivity to Oxidative Stress and Premature Leaf Senescence in Rice

Rice EARLY SENESCENCE 2, encoding an inositol polyphosphate kinase, is involved in leaf senescence

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