Genetic Associations of Alcohol Dehydrogenase With Alcohol Use Disorders and Endophenotypes in White College Students.

Abstract

Associations of alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) gene polymorphisms (ADH1B*2 and ADH1C*1) with a lifetime alcohol use disorder (AUD) were examined in White college students. Alcohol-related endophenotypes likely to be influenced by elevations in acetaldehyde were also assessed. Individuals with an ADH1B*2 allele had lower rates of AUDs, consumed a lower maximum number of drinks in a 24-hr period, reported a greater level of response to alcohol, were more likely to have experienced alcohol-induced headaches following 1 or 2 drinks, and reported more severe hangovers than those lacking this allele. These findings are consistent with the hypothesis that enhanced sensitivity to alcohol and lower levels of alcohol use reflect the mechanism by which ADH1B*2 protects against developing an AUD.

Alcohol dehydrogenase 1B genotype and fetal alcohol syndrome: a HuGE minireview

“…This association has been seen for ADH1B*2 most clearly in Asians. 16,[29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43] An association has also been reported in Jews, 44 Hispanics, 17,45 and non-Hispanic whites, 17,43,[46][47][48][49] as well as in a metaanalysis. 50 However, not all studies have found a correlation.…”

Alcohol Use Disorders and Perceived Drinking Norms: Ethnic Differences in Israeli Adults

“…We used the maximum number of drinks in a single day (Maxdrinks) variable (Saccone et al, 2000) that has been used previously in many studies (Dawson et al, 2010;Greenfi eld et al, 2006;Malone et al, 2002;Schuckit et al, 2002;Schumann et al, 2003;Wall et al, 2001Wall et al, , 2003Wall et al, , 2005, including in Israel (Hasin et al, 2002a;Spivak et al, 2007). The time frame for this variable was the last 12 months.…”

Associations of Variations in Alcohol Dehydrogenase Genes With the Level of Response to Alcohol in Non‐Asians

“…While most evaluations of the impact of the ADH1B gene have focused on Asians, a group with a high prevalence of the ADH1B Ã 2 allele (Luczak et al, 2006), some data are available from other racial and ethnic groups (Borras et al, 2000;Carr et al, 2002;Gilder et al, 1993;Hasin et al, 2002aHasin et al, , 2002bLoew et al, 2003;Luczak et al, 2006;Marussin et al, 2004;Neumark et al, 1998Neumark et al, , 2004Ogurtsov et al, 2001;Wall et al, 2005). The ADH1B Ã 2 allele has been reported to be associated with a decreased risk for AUDs in white Europeans and Jews (Borras et al, 2000;Hasin et al, 2002b;Wall et al, 2005;Whitfield et al, 1998), linked to reduced alcohol consumption Loew et al, 2003;Neumark et al, 1998;Shea et al, 2001), and related to the LR to alcohol using a self-report instrument .…”