Genetic Characterization of Pigeon Paramyxovirus Type 1 in Egypt

Rohaim, Mohammed A.; Naggar, Rania F. El; Helal, Ahmed M.; Hussein, Hussein Ahmed; LeBlanc, Neil

doi:10.17582/journal.bjv/2016.3.2.27.32

Cited by 14 publications

(13 citation statements)

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“…In support of our findings, the isolates belong to genotype VI often cause nervous signs in pigeons (Ujvari et al, 2003). The phylogenetic analysis of our isolate APMV-1/Libya/15VIR5369/2015 has also revealed identity to Egyptian isolate KR082484NDV/pigeon/Desouk/Egypt/MS31/2014 which was considered as the first pathotypic and genetic characterizations of PPMV-1 from pigeon in Egypt during 2014 (Rohaim et al, 2016). The virulence potential of genotype VI strains of PPMV1 in chickens is determined by virus strain, age of chickens, and the route of viral infections leading to mild respiratory to neurotropic disease and mortality (Toro et al, 2005).…”

Section: Molecular Detection and Characterizationsupporting

confidence: 85%

Molecular detection and characterisation of avian paramyxovirus type 1 in backyard chickens and pigeons in Alzintan city of Libya

Kammon¹,

Monne²,

Asheg³

et al. 2018

Open Vet J.

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Avian paramyxovirus-1 (APMV-1) is the causative agent of Newcastle Disease which affects many species of birds leading to high mortality and heavy economic losses among poultry industry worldwide. Newcastle disease is endemic in Libya with frequent outbreaks occurring in commercial and backyard poultry. APMV-1 was isolated and characterised during the outbreak in 2013. In current study, we report another Newcastle disease outbreak that emerged in backyard chickens and pigeons in Alzintan city on March 2015. Two viruses were detected in cloacal swabs from backyard chickens, namely APMV-1/Libya/15VIR5368/2015 and APMV-1/Libya/15VIR5371/2015. Genetic sequencing of these viruses revealed the presence of velogenic APMV-1 belonging to genotype VIIi genetically similar to the viruses isolated on 2013. During the same period, neurologic signs and mortality were noticed in pigeons. Samples of brain tissue were tested by rRT-PCR which revealed presence of velogenic APMV-1 belonging to lineage 4A (GKKRKR*F Lin.4A) or genotype VIb. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of the detection and molecular characterization of APMV-1 in a pigeon in Libya. The phylogenetic analysis of the F gene showed 86% identity to isolates from Iran and Egypt. This study may indicate the circulation of APMV-1 within backyard birds and pigeons which may present a threat to commercial poultry. Considering these findings, vaccination of backyard birds and pigeons and further epidemiological studies are strongly strongly recommended.

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Section: Molecular Detection and Characterizationsupporting

confidence: 85%

Molecular detection and characterisation of avian paramyxovirus type 1 in backyard chickens and pigeons in Alzintan city of Libya

Kammon¹,

Monne²,

Asheg³

et al. 2018

Open Vet J.

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“…Currently, there are at least three NDV genotypes circulating in Egypt: besides vaccine type genotype 2.II virus, virulent genotype 2.VIb and 2.VIIb are present. Genotype 2.VIb was isolated mainly from infected pigeons and regarded as pigeon paramyxovirus (PPMV) (Rohaim et al, 2016;Sabra et al, 2017). Genotype 2.VIIb, in contrast, is relevant for poultry, with numerous outbreaks of ND in all chicken production sectors.…”

Section: Original Articlementioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of suspected Newcastle disease (ND) outbreaks in Egypt uncovers a high virus velogenic ND virus burden in small-scale holdings and the presence of multiple pathogens

et al. 2019

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Highly contagious Newcastle disease (ND) is associated with devastating outbreaks with highly variable clinical signs among gallinaceous birds. In this study we aimed to verify clinical ND suspicions in poultry holdings in Egypt suffering from respiratory distress and elevated mortality, comparing two groups of ND-vaccinated poultry holdings in three governorates. Besides testing for Newcastle disease virus (NDV), samples were screened for infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) and avian influenza virus (AIV) by RT-qPCR as well as by non-directed cell-culture approach on LMH-cells. Virulent NDV was confirmed only in group A (n = 16) comprising small-scale holdings. Phylogenetic analysis of the fusion protein gene of 11 NDVpositive samples obtained from this group assigned all viruses to genotype 2.VIIb and point to four different virus populations that were circulating at the same time in one governorate, indicating independent epidemiological events. In group B, comprising large commercial broiler farms (n = 10), virulent NDV was not present, although in six farms NDV vaccine-type virus (genotype 2.II) was detected. Besides, in both groups, co-infections by IBV (n = 10), AIV H9 (n = 3) and/or avian reovirus (ARV) (n = 5) and avian astrovirus (AastVs) (n = 1) could be identified. Taken together, the study confirmed clinical ND suspicion in small scale holdings, pointing to inefficient vaccination practices in this group A. However, it also highlighted that, even in an endemic situation like ND in Egypt, in cases of suspected ND vaccine failure, clinical ND suspicion has to be verified by pathotype-specific diagnostic tests. RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS. Velogenic NDV circulates in small-scale poultry holdings in Egypt. . Viral transmission occurred among neighbouring farms and over long distances. . Co-infections with multiple pathogens were identified. . Pathotype specific diagnostic tests are essential to verify ND suspicions. ARTICLE HISTORY

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“…Whole genome sequencing and comparative genome analysis revealed that the structurally and functionally important features in the F and HN proteins of the NDV genome observed in previous studies were also present in the genome of this NDV in dromedary. In particular, it also possessed genomic features similar to other velogenic NDVs, including cleavage site motif 112 KRQKRF 117 in the F protein, conserved amino acid residues at neutralizing epitopes on the HN protein, and the size (i.e., 571 aa) of the HN protein (Table 1, Table 2 and Table 3, Figures S1 and S2) [30,31]. On the other hand, we were aware of the limitation of the present study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

First Isolation and Rapid Identification of Newcastle Disease Virus from Aborted Fetus of Dromedary Camel Using Next-Generation Sequencing

Teng

Wernery

Lee

et al. 2019

Viruses

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Newcastle disease virus (NDV) causes morbidities and mortalities in wild and domestic birds globally. For humans, exposure to infected birds can cause conjunctivitis and influenza-like symptoms. NDV infections in mammals are rarely reported. In this study, using next-generation sequencing, an NDV was identified and isolated from Vero cells inoculated with the nasal swab of an aborted dromedary fetus in Dubai, during the time when an NDV outbreak occurred in a pigeon farm located in close proximity to the dairy camel farm where the mother of the aborted dromedary fetus resided, and there were a lot of pigeons in the camel farm. Genome analysis revealed that the structurally and functionally important features of other NDVs were also present in this dromedary NDV genome. Phylogenetic analysis based on the nucleotide sequences of fusion protein (F), hemagglutinin-neuraminidase protein (HN) and complete polyprotein showed that the virus belonged to sub-genotype VIg of class II NDV and is most closely related to pigeon NDVs in Egypt in the same year. The present study is the first that demonstrated isolation of NDV in dromedaries. Further study is warranted to investigate the relationship between NDV infection and abortion.

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Genetic Characterization of Pigeon Paramyxovirus Type 1 in Egypt

Cited by 14 publications

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Molecular detection and characterisation of avian paramyxovirus type 1 in backyard chickens and pigeons in Alzintan city of Libya

Molecular detection and characterisation of avian paramyxovirus type 1 in backyard chickens and pigeons in Alzintan city of Libya

Investigation of suspected Newcastle disease (ND) outbreaks in Egypt uncovers a high virus velogenic ND virus burden in small-scale holdings and the presence of multiple pathogens

First Isolation and Rapid Identification of Newcastle Disease Virus from Aborted Fetus of Dromedary Camel Using Next-Generation Sequencing

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