Genetic control of kernel modification found in South African quality protein maize inbred lines

Hohls, Trevor; Shanahan, Paul; Clarke, G. P. Y.; Gevers, H. O.

doi:10.1007/bf00021882

Cited by 11 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 11 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Vasal et al (1993aVasal et al ( , 1993b) studied kernel endosperm hardness while Pixley and Bjarnason (1993) studied protein concentration in grain, tryptophan concentration in grain, and tryptophan concentration in protein, which is similar to what is currently referred to as Quality Index in QPM breeding. Earlier research fi ndings on kernel endosperm-modifying factors also reported that the additive variance was more important than nonadditive variance (Bjarnason et al, 1976;Hohls et al, 1996; Table 6. General combining ability (GCA) effects of nine quality protein maize inbred lines for anthesis days and quality traits over seven and three environments, respectively.…”

Section: Combining Ability Effectsmentioning

confidence: 85%

Combining Ability and Reciprocal Cross Effects of Elite Quality Protein Maize Inbred Lines in Subtropical Environments

et al. 2010

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

General combining ability (GCA), specific combining ability (SCA), and reciprocal cross effects information facilitate efficient utilization of inbred lines in a breeding program. A diallel analysis of nine quality protein maize (Zea mays L.) inbred lines was evaluated over seven environments in Zimbabwe. Hybrid × environment interaction was significant for all the traits except for tryptophan content and Quality Index. Thus, phenotyping for tryptophan content and Quality Index can be done using a few environments. There was preponderance of GCA effects for tryptophan content, protein content, kernel endosperm modification, and anthesis dates, while SCA effects were both significant and dominant for grain yield, and were also significant for Quality Index and anthesis dates. Reciprocal effects were significant for Quality Index, tryptophan, and anthesis dates, but on the average they accounted for <13% of the variation among hybrids; hence, they were less important. The cross CML181f × CML176 between heterotic group B inbreds was the highest yielding. Inbred CZL03016 exhibited the most desirable GCA effects for kernel modification, while CML264Q showed the best GCA effects for Quality Index, tryptophan, and protein content. CML264Q would be crucial for use as a donor in breeding for these traits in subtropical maize programs.

show abstract

Section: Combining Ability Effectsmentioning

confidence: 85%

Combining Ability and Reciprocal Cross Effects of Elite Quality Protein Maize Inbred Lines in Subtropical Environments

et al. 2010

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The use of the diallele crosses identified additive effects for hardness characteristics, with possible epistatic effects (91,103,120).…”

Section: Breedingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hardness Methods for Testing Maize Kernels

Fox

Manley

2009

J. Agric. Food Chem.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Maize is a highly important crop to many countries around the world, through the sale of the maize crop to domestic processors and subsequent production of maize products and also provides a staple food to subsistance farms in undeveloped countries. In many countries, there have been long-term research efforts to develop a suitable hardness method that could assist the maize industry in improving efficiency in processing as well as possibly providing a quality specification for maize growers, which could attract a premium. This paper focuses specifically on hardness and reviews a number of methodologies as well as important biochemical aspects of maize that contribute to maize hardness used internationally. Numerous foods are produced from maize, and hardness has been described as having an impact on food quality. However, the basis of hardness and measurement of hardness are very general and would apply to any use of maize from any country. From the published literature, it would appear that one of the simpler methods used to measure hardness is a grinding step followed by a sieving step, using multiple sieve sizes. This would allow the range in hardness within a sample as well as average particle size and/or coarse/fine ratio to be calculated. Any of these parameters could easily be used as reference values for the development of near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy calibrations. The development of precise NIR calibrations will provide an excellent tool for breeders, handlers, and processors to deliver specific cultivars in the case of growers and bulk loads in the case of handlers, thereby ensuring the most efficient use of maize by domestic and international processors. This paper also considers previous research describing the biochemical aspects of maize that have been related to maize hardness. Both starch and protein affect hardness, with most research focusing on the storage proteins (zeins). Both the content and composition of the zein fractions affect hardness. Genotypes and growing environment influence the final protein and starch content and, to a lesser extent, composition. However, hardness is a highly heritable trait and, hence, when a desirable level of hardness is finally agreed upon, the breeders will quickly be able to produce material with the hardness levels required by the industry.

show abstract

“…Significant variation among the genotypes for the traits indicated that allelic variations do occur. The significant variation for endosperm modification, protein and tryptophan contents in QPM inbreds and its crosses have been reported in several studies (Hohls et al 1996;Hossain et al 2008;Wattoo et al 2009;Hussain et al 2014 The 't' co-variances. The value of 'b' in case of protein content itself was close to zero rather than unity, however, in case of tryptophan content it was away from zero but due to high standard error in both the cases it showed non-significant departure from zero.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 78%

Inheritance of kernel quality attributes in quality protein maize (Zea maysL.)

Agrawal¹,

Singh²,

Shahi³

et al. 2015

Ind. Jrnl. Gen. Plnt. Bree.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Nature and magnitude of gene actions were studied employing Hayman's component analysis, with 8 quality protein maize (QPM) inbred lines and their 56 diallel set of crosses including reciprocals. Kernels of each entry were subjected to analysis of endosperm modification (EM), endosperm protein content (EPR) and tryptophan content (TRP). Significant difference was observed among genotypes for the three traits. EM and TRP content exhibited importance of both additive and dominance components, whereas EPR exhibited prevalence of dominance gene effects. Average degree of dominance revealed partial to complete dominance for EM, whereas complete to overdominance was exhibited by TRP, over the seasons. EPR consistently showed over-dominance. The quality traits among QPM lines were observed to be controlled by 1-3 dominant genes/gene blocks. Heritability estimates ranged from 55-75.5% for EM, 32.2-51% for EPR and 35.3-60.6% for TRP over three seasons.

show abstract

Genetic control of kernel modification found in South African quality protein maize inbred lines

Cited by 11 publications

References 11 publications

Combining Ability and Reciprocal Cross Effects of Elite Quality Protein Maize Inbred Lines in Subtropical Environments

Combining Ability and Reciprocal Cross Effects of Elite Quality Protein Maize Inbred Lines in Subtropical Environments

Hardness Methods for Testing Maize Kernels

Inheritance of kernel quality attributes in quality protein maize (Zea maysL.)

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About