Genetic diversity in Eddoe Taro (Colocasia esculenta var. antiquorum) from Indonesia based on morphological and nutritional characteristics

Abstract

Abstract. Maretta D, Sobir Helianti I, Purwono, Santosa E. 2020. Genetic diversity in Eddoe Taro (Colocasia esculenta var antiquorum) from Indonesia based on morphological and nutritional characteristics. Biodiversitas 21: 3525-3533. Low yield uniformity and quality due to genetic performance become negative incentives to farmers in Eddoe Taro production. However, genetic evaluation is rarely been reported in this taro type in Indonesia. In this study, 14 eddoe genotypes collected from different regions in Indonesia were evaluated to develop a diversity map for crop improvement and future breeding activities. The genotypes were planted in the open field from September 2018 to March 2019 at the experimental station belonging to LAPTIAB-BPPT, PUSPITEK at South Tangerang District, Indonesia. Morphological and nutritional characters were accessed on the shoot and underground parts. The genotypes exhibited variation in 38 out of 48 characters in which 12 quantitative characters were distinct including oxalate level. The study revealed three findings: (i) Characters related to growth and yield had high genotypic variance coefficients, i.e., sheath length, total petiole length, plant height, number of suckers, corm and cormels weight, (ii) Genotypes clustered into two separate groups as introduced and landraces, and (iii) Landraces had high genetic variation leading to speculation of high clonal variation. Considering the findings, accession S6, S7, S18, S30, and S36 are recommended for further studies in crop improvement purposes.

Korelasi Antar Karakter Pertumbuhan Dan Hasil Sepuluh Genotipe Talas Jepang pada Tiga Agroekologi Berbeda

“…Talas eddoe diintroduksikan berpuluh-puluh tahun silam (sekitar tahun 1940-an) dari Jepang dan mulai intensif dibudidayakan pada tahun 2000an setelah terbentuk konsorsium satoimo Indonesia-Jepang. Tujuan konsorsium untuk mendorong produksi dan ekspor talas Jepang dengan daerah pengembangan di Sulawesi Selatan (Kallo et al 2019, Maretta et al 2020.…”

Respon Genotipe Talas Colocasia esculenta var esculenta dan var antiquorum pada Interval Pemberian Air Berbeda

“…Skor kekeringan: 0 = tidak ada gejala kekeringan; 1 = gejala kekeringan tampak pada ujung daun; 3 = kekeringan pada ujung daun meningkat hingga 1/4 dari bagian daun; 5 = 1/4-1/2 bagian dari jumlah total daun mengalami kekeringan; 7 = lebih dari 2/3 dari jumlah total daun mengalami kekeringan; 9 = seluruh daun kering perbedaan ukuran petiol. Fenomena tersebut lazim pada Araceae (Paul et al, 2011;Maretta et al, 2020;Tajuddin et al, 2020).…”

“…Umbi talas memiliki nilai glikemik rendah sehingga cocok sebagai diet penderita diabetes (Sari et al, 2013), dan mengandung flavonoid lebih besar dibandingkan singkong, kentang dan belitung (Champagne et al, 2011). Di Indonesia, tipe dasheen dikenal sebagai bentul, dan tipe eddoe dikenal sebagai satoimo (Maretta et al, 2020).…”

Phenotypic plasticity of eddoe and dasheen taro genotypes in response to saturated water and dryland cultivations

“…About 253 local varieties exist in Indonesia (BB BIOGEN 2020). Here, taro cultivation distributes in both wetland and dryland (Maretta et al 2020). To help farmers to adapt changing climates, therefore, it is important to evaluate Indonesian taro genotypes under flooding and drought scenarios from a single perspective.…”

“…Based on the tuber shape, taro has two morphotypes namely eddoe (Colocasia esculenta var antiquorum) which produce many tubers, and dasheen (Colocasia esculenta var esculenta) which predominantly produce a single tuber (Ivancic and Lebot 2000;Chaïr et al 2016). In Indonesia, dasheen type is more common (Nurbaya and Estiasih 2013), and eddoe type is a new introduction (Maretta et al 2020). The present study aims to evaluate phenotypic plasticity of growth and production characters of eddoe and dasheen taro genotypes grown in saturated water and dryland cultivations to select proper genotype in response to climate change.…”