Genetic Diversity of Hevea IRRDB’81 Collection Assessed by RAPD Markers

Abstract

The majority of Hevea (Hevea brasiliensis Muell. Arg.) genetic resource in Vietnam derived from the IRRDB'81 germplasm collected in the Amazonian habitats of the genus. Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis was used to examine the genetic diversity and structure of the IRRDB'81 germplasm. A total of 59 accessions from 13 different districts of the Brazilian states namely Acre, Rondonia, and Mato Grosso were brought into the study using six arbitrarily preselected primers. Sixty-five RAPD band patterns ranging in size from 0.2 to 3.0 kbp were scored for analysis. Differences in the level of DNA polymorphism among the districts and states were revealed. The percentage of the polymorphic DNA fragments calculated for 13 individual districts varied from 15.38 to 70.77%. The mean values of heterozygosity within the district varied from 0.064 to 0.264. Pairwise district Nei's genetic distance values ranged from 0.046 for Catriquacu and Itanba of Mato Grosso to 0.304 for Tarauaca of Acre and Aracatuba of Mato Grosso. The estimated values of Shannon's diversity index ranged from 0.093 for the Assis-Brasil district of Acre to 0.389 for the Jiparana district of Rondonia. The analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) indicated that most of the genetic variations were found among accessions within the districts, while interdistrict variance component accounted for 14.1% only. The low interdistrict differentiation probably implied an extensive gene flow among them. Both the principal coordinate analysis and UPGMA cluster analysis based on genetic distance values revealed a varying degree of separation among the districts and that conformed to geographical origins of Hevea IRRDB'81 collection.

UPAYA PERBAIKAN GENETIK DAN PENYEDIAAN BIBIT TANAMAN KARET (Hevea brasiliensis Muell. Arg.) MELALUI PENDEKATAN BIOTEKNOLOGI

“…Venkatachalam et al, (2004) telah mengidentifikasi karakter kerdil pada tanaman karet menggunakan marka RAPD. Marka RAPD juga telah d i g u n a k a n u n t u k m e n g e t a h u i keanekaragaman genetik dan struktur plasma nutfah koleksi IRRDB 1981 (Lam et al, 2009). Penelitian tersebut menyimpulkan bahwa koleksi plasma nutfah IRRDB 1981 di Vietnam memiliki karagaman genetik yang tinggi dan perbedaan interdistrict yang rendah.…”

Hevea Germplasm in Vietnam: Conservation, Characterization, Evaluation and Utilization

“…The resistance to SALB was observed on 298 accessions from ex situ germplasm collection planted in both French Guyana and Brazil, of which the accessions from Acre and Rondonia were the most resistant (Le Guen et al, 2002). In Vietnam, it seemed that Wickham and IRRDB'81 accessions showed no significant difference in susceptibility to pink disease, powdery mildew and Gloeosporium leaf diseases (Lam et al, 2002). In general, evaluations of IRRDB'81 collection for biotic and abiotic stresses are in progress in major rubber growing countries.…”

Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of IRRDB 1981 and Wickham Rubber Germplasm Based on EST-SSR

“…Several genetic analysis has been done using SSR markers, such as in coconut (Larekeng, Maskromo, Purwito, Matjik, & Sudarsono, 2015; and oil palm (Tinche, Asmono, Dinarti, & Sudarsono, 2014). Scientists have also done the evaluation of rubber tree genetic diversity analysis using RAPD or SSR markers (Besse et al, 1994;Saha, Roy, & Nazeer, 2005;Lam, Thanh, Chi, & Tuy, 2009;Gouvêa, Rubiano, Chioratto, Zucchi, & de Souza Gonçalves, 2010). Diversity analysis using SSR markers is more beneficial than using other dominant markers since SSR markers can differentiate the homozygous and the heterozygous individuals and exhibit high polymorphism.…”