Genetic variation and segregation of DNA polymorphisms in Botrytis cinerea

Vlugt-Bergmans, C.J.B. van der; Brandwagt, B.F.; Klooster, J.W. Vant't; Wagemakers, C.A.M.; Kan, Jan A.L. van

doi:10.1016/s0953-7562(09)81284-7

Cited by 81 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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Section: Rezimeunclassified

“…Dugo se smatralo da B. cinerea predstavlja jednu, jasno definisanu, polifagnu vrstu sa izraženom morfološ-kom varijabilnošću (Faretra i sar., 1988;Faretra i Pollastro, 1991;Van der Vlugt-Bergmans, 1996). Među-tim, nedavna istraživanja pokazuju da B. cinerea verovatno predstavlja kompleks genetički izolovanih kriptičkih vrsta (cryptic species) (Giraud i sar., 1997; Albertini i sar., 2002).…”

Section: B Cinerea Kao Kompleks Kriptičkih Vrstaunclassified

“…Od 1973. godine rod obuhvata 22 vrste od kojih većina ima uzak krug domaćina (B. aclada -patogen za vrste roda Allium, B. fabaepatogen za vrste familije Fabaceae) (Jarvis, 1977; Staats i sar., 2005). Krug domaćina B. cinerea obuhvata više od 230 biljnih vrsta (Van der Vlugt-Bergmans, 1996).Vrste roda Botrytis sreću se svuda gde se gaje biljke-domaćini -od hladnih zona Aljaske (Anderson, 1924) do toplih i suvih područja u Izraelu (Yunis i Elad, 1989). Imaju nekrotrofni životni ciklus koji je najčešće tesno povezan sa fenologijom biljaka-domaćina.…”

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The Genus Botrytis and Botrytiscinerea species: Pathogenic, morphological and epidemiological characteristics

Tanović¹,

Hrustić²,

Delibašić³

2011

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Primljen: 10. februara 2011. Prihvaćen: 28. februara 2011. REZIMEVrste roda Botrytis rasprostranjene su svuda gde se gaje ili su prisutne njihove biljke-domaćini -od hladnih zona Aljaske do toplih i suvih područja u Izraelu. Imaju nekrotrofni ži-votni ciklus koji je najčešće tesno povezan sa fenologijom domaćina. Rod obuhvata 22 vrste od kojih većina ima uzak krug domaćina -parazitira biljke jednog roda ili jedne familije. Polifagna vrsta Botrytis cinerea, prouzrokovač sive truleži, najznačajniji je i najproučavaniji predstavnik ovog roda. Godišnje se objavi više od 350 radova koji se odnose na sve aspekte istraživanja ovog nekrotrofnog patogena. U ovom radu je dat pregled dosadašnjih saznanja o patogenim, morfološkim i epidemiološkim karakteristikama vrsta roda Botrytis, a posebno vrste B. cinerea. Detaljno su obrađeni simptomi oboljenja koje prouzrokuje B. cinerea na različitim biljnim vrstama i različitim delovima biljaka, morfološka i genetička varijabilnost vrste. Takođe, ukazano je i na moguće izvore varijabilnosti, kao i na pokušaje podele vrste na dve grupe -Grupu I (B. "pseudocinerea") i Grupu II (B. cinerea "sensu-stricto"). (Jarvis, 1977). Naziv potiče od starogrčke reči botris ( ßoτρυς -grozd) zbog rasporeda konidija na konidioforama. Od 1973. godine rod obuhvata 22 vrste od kojih većina ima uzak krug domaćina (B. aclada -patogen za vrste roda Allium, B. fabaepatogen za vrste familije Fabaceae) (Jarvis, 1977; Staats i sar., 2005). Krug domaćina B. cinerea obuhvata više od 230 biljnih vrsta (Van der Vlugt-Bergmans, 1996).Vrste roda Botrytis sreću se svuda gde se gaje biljke-domaćini -od hladnih zona Aljaske (Anderson, 1924) do toplih i suvih područja u Izraelu (Yunis i Elad, 1989). Imaju nekrotrofni životni ciklus koji je najčešće tesno povezan sa fenologijom biljaka-domaćina. Za vrste sa usko specijalizovanim parazitizmom (B. aclada,

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Section: Rezimeunclassified

Section: B Cinerea Kao Kompleks Kriptičkih Vrstaunclassified

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The Genus Botrytis and Botrytiscinerea species: Pathogenic, morphological and epidemiological characteristics

Tanović¹,

Hrustić²,

Delibašić³

2011

PESTIC PHYTOMED

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“…Isolates of B. tulipae and B. elliptica were provided by I. Pennock-Vos and Dr. M. de Boer of Applied Plant Research (PPO) in Lisse, the Netherlands. Seven B. cinerea isolates have been previously used to study genetic variation by RAPD analysis (Kerssies, Bosker-van Zessen, Wagemakers, & van Kan, 1997;Van der Vlugt-Bergmans, Brandwagt, van't Klooster, Wagemakers, & van Kan, 1993). Additional isolates of B. cinerea were provided by Paul and Bettina Tudzynski (WWU Mü nster, Germany) and Paul van den Boogert (Plant Research International, Wageningen, the Netherlands).…”

Section: Collection Of Isolatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

AFLP analysis of genetic diversity in populations of Botrytis elliptica and Botrytis tulipae from the Netherlands

2006

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The objective of this study was to assess the genetic diversity and to infer the mode of reproduction of Botrytis elliptica and B. tulipae in the Netherlands. First, three molecular typing methods were compared for their ability to differentiate isolates of B. tulipae, B. elliptica, and B. cinerea. The methods compared were multilocus sequencing, restriction analysis of the ribosomal intergenic spacer (IGS) region, and amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) analysis. AFLP fingerprinting provided the most efficient method to differentiate isolates within each Botrytis species and therefore this method was used for population analyses of B. elliptica and B. tulipae. Isolates of both species were sampled during successive growing seasons in experimental field plots in Lisse and other locations in the Netherlands. Among 174 B. elliptica isolates, 105 genotypes could be discriminated and 87 genotypes were found only once, reflecting high genotypic variation. Clonal genotypes were found only within growing seasons and in one location. Linkage disequilibrium analyses indicated that between 9.4% and 19.3% of the loci in clonecorrected samples were linked. The multilocus association index provided no evidence for random mating. We conclude that sexual recombination occurs in the B. elliptica population. Among the 170 B. tulipae isolates, 25 genotypes could be discriminated and four genotypes were found only once, reflecting a low genotypic variation. Clonal genotypes were frequently found in different growing seasons and different locations. Linkage disequilibrium analyses indicated that between 25.2% and 48.6% of the loci in clone-corrected samples were linked. We conclude that the B. tulipae population is mainly clonal with some recombination.

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“…Although currently used classification systems for TEs largely differ from one another on a lower level, it has been commonly accepted that, at the highest level, Miniature inverted-repeat transposable elements (MITEs), first discovered in maize [7] and found to be widespread in eukaryotes and prokaryotes [6], are a heterogeneous group of non-autonomous DNA transposons that share structural characteristics, including short length (<600 bp), conserved terminal inverted repeats (TIRs), non-coding capacity of internal sequence, target site duplications (TSDs), high A þ T content, tendency to insert into intergenic regions, and the potential to form stable secondary structure [6]. Base on their TIR and TSD sequence signatures, most MITEs can be assigned to one of two major superfamilies, Tourist and Stowaway, although a few ones cannot be classified into a known family [8][9][10].Previously, MITEs were most extensively studied in higher eukaryotes and were thought to play an important role in genome evolution and the regulation of gene transcription [1] [18,19], and their further roles remain to be elucidated.Botrytis cinerea (anamorph of Botryotinia fucheliana) is a phytopathogenic fungus with significant genetic diversity [20,21], which is thought to be associated with fungicide resistance and broad host plant fitness [22]. Such genetic diversity may result from TE activity, which is recognized as an important cause of genetic variation, particularly in the organisms without a sexual phase [23].…”

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Scatter: a novel family of miniature inverted‐repeat transposable elements in the fungus Botrytis cinerea

Deng

Shu

Luo

et al. 2013

J. Basic Microbiol.

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Miniature inverted-repeat transposable elements (MITEs) are short non-autonomous DNA transposons that play an important role in genome structure and function. Here, we described a novel family of MITEs, named Scatter, identified from the genomes of three strains of the fungus Botrytis cinerea (T4, B05.10, and TBC-A). Intact Scatter elements are typically an average of 247 bp, and contain 41 bp terminal inverted repeats (TIRs) and 2-bp "TA" target site duplications (TSDs). Based a search against the transposable elements database and GenBank, Scatter is a novel and potentially species-specific family of MITEs. Moderate heterogeneity in sequence and size of individual Scatter copies suggests that Scatter elements were not recently proliferated. Most integrated sites were conserved across all three strains tested and elements inserted at equivalent sites shared high identity at the nucleotide level. This conservation, in combination with the presence of a similar copy number (22-24), in B. cinerea strains tested suggests that Scatter may be a relic of an ancient transposition developed prior to the strain divergence of B. cinerea. Two unique insertion instances were observed, indicating that some copies of Scatter may have remained active following strain divergence of B. cinerea. Because only a few subtle insertion differences among B. cinerea strains were observed, Scatter may play only a minor role in the genetic diversity in B. cinerea species. Most Scatter elements appear to be inserted in potential regulatory regions of adjacent coding regions, highlighting their role in transcriptional regulation. The origin of Scatter remains to be addressed. Scatter is the first well-characterized family of MITEs in B. cinerea.: Additional supporting information may be found in the online version of this article at the publisher's web-site IntroductionTransposable elements (TEs), characterized by their ability to "jump" or transpose within genome, make up a large fraction of the eukaryotic genome and have a substantial impact on genome function and evolution [1][2][3][4]. Given the abundance and diversity of TEs, the classification and naming system of TEs has been inconsistent [5]. Although currently used classification systems for TEs largely differ from one another on a lower level, it has been commonly accepted that, at the highest level, Miniature inverted-repeat transposable elements (MITEs), first discovered in maize [7] and found to be widespread in eukaryotes and prokaryotes [6], are a heterogeneous group of non-autonomous DNA transposons that share structural characteristics, including short length (<600 bp), conserved terminal inverted repeats (TIRs), non-coding capacity of internal sequence, target site duplications (TSDs), high A þ T content, tendency to insert into intergenic regions, and the potential to form stable secondary structure [6]. Base on their TIR and TSD sequence signatures, most MITEs can be assigned to one of two major superfamilies, Tourist and Stowaway, although a few ones cannot be classifi...

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Genetic variation and segregation of DNA polymorphisms in Botrytis cinerea

Cited by 81 publications

References 10 publications

The Genus Botrytis and Botrytiscinerea species: Pathogenic, morphological and epidemiological characteristics

The Genus Botrytis and Botrytiscinerea species: Pathogenic, morphological and epidemiological characteristics

AFLP analysis of genetic diversity in populations of Botrytis elliptica and Botrytis tulipae from the Netherlands

Scatter: a novel family of miniature inverted‐repeat transposable elements in the fungus Botrytis cinerea

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