Genetic variation in mahoganies: its importance, capture and utilization

Newton, A. C.; Leakey, Roger R.B.; Mesén, J.F.

doi:10.1007/bf00056128

Cited by 27 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The insect consumes the apical meristem and frustrates the establishment of commercial plantations of Swietenia, Cedrela and Carapa species (GRIJPMA; RAMALHO, 1969;GRIJPMA, 1974;NEWTON et al, 1993;CORNELIUS, 2001;RIBEIRO, 2010). The shoot borer action decreases the tree's growth rate and subsequent attacks may occur, though the attacks rarely result in the death of the plant (GRIJPMA, 1970;NEWTON et al, 1993;MAUÉS, 2001;OHASHI et al, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Development of Swietenia macrophylla King in escape areas

Rocha¹,

Caldeira²,

Brondani³

2016

Sci. For.

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ResumoO cultivo de Swietenia macrophylla King é inviabilizado pela ação de leptobroca. Assim, os objetivos para o estudo foram avaliar o desenvolvimento da espécie em plantio homogêneo no Sudoeste do estado de Mato Grosso, Brasil, e a região como área de escape à ação da Hypsipyla grandella Zeller. Foram plantadas 150 árvores no espaçamento 3,0 m x 3,0 m, distribuídas em quatro blocos de 21 árvores, além da bordadura. Cinco meses após o plantio foram avaliados a sobrevivência e o diâmetro à altura do colo. Periodicamente, até 152 meses, foram registrados densidade, diâmetro à altura do peito, altura total e altura comercial e determinadas área transversal média e área basal. Complementarmente, cada árvore foi classificada pela forma do fuste e seu estado fitossanitário. Aos 152 meses, com de 53,6% de sobrevivência, os valores médios e coeficientes de variação foram, respectivamente, de 20,6 cm (4,7%), 16,3 m (4,3%), 5,5 m (6,4%), 0,0346 m 2 árvore -1 (9,3%) e 20,5295 m 2 ha -1 , e mais de 50% das árvores com fuste reto sem ou com galhos. A mortalidade foi devida a causas abióticas e não foram registrados problemas fitossanitários. A região apresenta potencial para o cultivo de S. macrophyla e pode ser considerada como área de escape para a leptobroca.Palavras-chave: Silvicultura, mogno, leptobroca, evasão. AbstractSwietenia macrophylla King cultivation is made difficult by the shoot borer action. Thus, the objectives of this research were to evaluate the development of the species in a homogeneous plantation in south western Mato Grosso State, Brazil, and to evaluate if the region could act as an escape area from the action of Hypsipyla grandella Zeller. 150 S. macrophylla seedlings were planted in 3.0 m x 3.0 m row spacing, distributed into four 21 trees blocks, in addition to the border. Five months after planting, the survival and diameter at ground level were measured. Periodically, until 152 months of age, density, diameter at breast height, total height and commercial height were measured, and the average cross-sectional area and basal area were determined. In addition, each tree was rated by stem shape and health. At 152 months, with 53.6% survival, the average rates and coefficient of variation were 20.6 cm (4.7%), 16.3 m (4.3%), 5.5 m (6.4%), 0.0346 m 2 tree -1 (9.3%) and 20.5295 m 2 ha -1 , respectively, and over 50% of the trees had a straight stem with or without branches. Mortality was due to abiotic causes, and no crop health problems were recorded. The region shows potential for S. macrophyla growth and may be considered as an escape area from the Hypsipyla grandella Zeller borer.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The shoot borer action decreases the tree's growth rate and subsequent attacks may occur, though the attacks rarely result in the death of the plant (GRIJPMA, 1970;NEWTON et al, 1993;MAUÉS, 2001;OHASHI et al, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Swietenia macrophylla King in escape areas

Rocha¹,

Caldeira²,

Brondani³

2016

Sci. For.

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“…Within its geographic range the species thrives in a variety of soil types differing significantly in fertility (GULLISON et al, 1996;SNOOK, 1996;GROGAN et al, 2002;BROWN et al, 2003;WHITMORE, 2003). There are evidences of genetic differentiation of populations within its geographic range, underscoring the need for protection of natural habitats and development of conservation of the genotypes ex situ (NEWTON et al, 1993;LEMES et al, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conservative nutrient use by big-leaf mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla king) planted under contrasting environmental conditions

et al. 2014

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-We analyzed the nutritional composition and isotope ratios (C and N) of big-leaf mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla King) leaves in plantations established on contrasting soils and climates in Central America (State of Quintana Roo, Yucatán, México) and South America (State of Pará, Brazil). The objective was to determine the adaptability of this species to large differences in nutrient availability and rainfall regimes. Nutrient concentrations of leaves and soils were determined spectrophotometrically, and isotope ratios were measured using mass spectrometric techniques.In Pará soils were sandier, and acidic, receiving above 2000 mm of rain, whereas in Quintana Roo soils were predominantly clayey, with neutral to alkaline pH due to the underlying calcareous substrate, with about 1300 mm of rain. Leaf area/weight ratio was similar for both sites, but leaves from Quintana Roo were significantly smaller. Average N and K concentrations of adult leaves were similar, whereas Ca concentration was only slightly lower in Pará in spite of large differences in Ca availability. Leaves from this site had slightly higher P and lower Al concentrations. Differences in water use efficiency as measured by the natural abundance of 13 C were negligible, the main effect of lower rainfall in Quintana Roo seemed to be a reduction in leaf area. The N isotope signature (δ 15 N) was more positive in Pará than in Quintana Roo, suggesting higher denitrification rates in the former. Results reveal a calciotrophic behavior and a remarkable capacity of mahogany to compensate for large differences in soil texture and nutrient availability.Keywords: Big-leaf mahogany; Nutrient relations; N-C isotopes. USO CONSERVATIVO DE NUTRIENTES PELO MOGNO (Swietenia macrophylla King) CULTIVADO SOB CONDIÇÕES AMBIENTAIS CONTRASTANTES RESUMO -Analisou-se a composição nutricional e isotópica (C e N) de folhas de mogno (Swietenia macrophylla

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“…A mariposa, que corresponde à fase adulta da H. grandella, é atraída pelo forte cheiro da planta de mogno e nela deposita seus ovos. As lagartas eclodem, alimentam-se dos brotos novos e causam sérios danos ao mogno (Newton et al 1993;Ohashi et al 2002).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Eficiência do nim (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) como barreira natural ao ataque de Hypsipyla grandella (Zeller) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) sobre o mogno (Swietenia macrophylla King)

2013

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A eficiência da espécie Azadirachta indica como barreira natural ao ataque da Hypsipyla grandella sobre o mogno em diferentes arranjos e densidades de plantio foi, avaliada. O estudo foi realizado numa área de pastagem degradada em Vigia, PA. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi em blocos ao acaso em esquema de parcelas subdivididas no tempo, com cinco repetições, sendo as formas de cultivo do mogno as parcelas, e as épocas de avaliação (meses) as subparcelas. A barreira natural formada pelo nim não evitou o ataque de H. grandella sobre o mogno, mas retardou e minimizou o ataque em plantios mistos. Para o maior controle do ataque de H. grandella, o mogno não deve ser plantado simultaneamente com o nim, mas um ano após o plantio do nim, quando este apresenta mais de três metros de altura, formando uma barreira natural mais eficaz ao ataque desta praga. PalavRaS-chavE: Praga florestal, controle alternativo, planta armadilha, sistemas silviculturais. The efficiency of neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) as natural barrier to attack by Hypsipyla grandella (Zeller) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) on the Brazilian mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla King) aBSTRacTThe efficiency of Azadirachta indica as natural barrier against the attack by Hypsipyla grandella on mahogany in different arrangements and planting densities was evaluated. The study was carried out in degraded pasture in Vigia, Pará. The experimental design was a randomized block in split plot in time with five replications, the forms of cultivation of mahogany as plots and the evaluation periods (months) as the subplots. The natural barrier formed by neem did not prevent the attack of H. grandella on mahogany, but delayed and minimized the attack in mixed plantings. It is recommended that mahogany should not be planted simultaneously with the neem, but a year after planting the neem, when it has more than three meters in height, forming a natural barrier more effective to pest attack.

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Genetic variation in mahoganies: its importance, capture and utilization

Cited by 27 publications

References 7 publications

Development of Swietenia macrophylla King in escape areas

Development of Swietenia macrophylla King in escape areas

Conservative nutrient use by big-leaf mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla king) planted under contrasting environmental conditions

Eficiência do nim (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) como barreira natural ao ataque de Hypsipyla grandella (Zeller) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) sobre o mogno (Swietenia macrophylla King)

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