Genetic Variations and Relationships of Papua’s Endemic Orchids Based on RAPD Markers

Abstract

Orchidaceae has known as an attractive flower and immense species. We have found a large species of Orchidaceae grow naturally in Papua's jungle, Indonesia territorial. This study aims to reveal genetic variation and genetic relationships among endemic orchids in Papua based on RAPD markers. The study included 26 accessions of Papua's endemic orchids used for genomic DNA extraction. Genomic DNAs were extracted by using DNA extraction kit from Qiagen and genomic DNA amplification by using 10 decamer RAPD primers. DNA fragments that were amplified by Polymerase Change Reaction (PCR) were visualized and documented by using UV illumination apparatus. Genetically, endemic Orchids in Papua were described high variation. Fragments amplification by using ten RAPD primers and performed in the PCR tools resulted in 54 numbers of polymorphic fragments and no monomorphic band. The number of polymorphic bands per primer ranged from 4 to 7 with averaged 5.4 bands per assay unit. The genetic dissimilarities (GDs) among examined orchids ranged from 0.10 to 0.94 based on Nei's unbiased coefficients. Dendrogram construction showed that Papua's endemic orchid (PEO) samples different from another and separated to form group by their own at the 0.40 coefficient value and at the 0.6 coefficient value indicate that PEO sample is divided into nine groups i.e. samples at the genera level were separated into their own groups.

RAPD Profiles of Rhynchostylis gigantea (Lindl.) Ridl. Collected from Puspa Nirmala Orchids Banyumas, Central Java

“…The calculated polymorphic information contents (PIC) ranged from 0.71 in OPA-12 to 0.92 in OPA-1 and OPD-11, while the number of genotypes ranged from 9 in OPA-12 to 17 in OPAW-05. Despite relatively high genetic diversity among and within Papua endemic orchid species, conservation were recommended prior to extinction (Abbas et al, 2017).…”

Genetic Variability Analysis of Phaius spp Orchid based on RAPD Markers

“…Previous research on the endemic orchids Papua Grammatophyllum scriptum, Dendrobium spp, Collagen asperata, Bulbophylum phalaenopsis, Phalaenopsis ambilis, and Ascoglossum calepsum have diversity High genetic values ranged from 10-94% analysed with 10 RAPD primers [30]. Amplification of Paphiopedilum orchid cultivars using 22 RAPD primers resulted in 94% polymorphism with 32-60% genetic diversity [31].…”

Bioinformatics Analysis on DNA Barcode Sequences for Species Identification: A Review

“…PCR-based methods can overcome these above problems with just a small piece of sample. However, amplification techniques can only be effectively applied to samples of a defined group using RADP, RFLPs, AFLPs [3] or to samples containing specific genes using species-specific PCR unknown taxon cannot be determined using PCR-band techniques.…”