Genomic analysis of a nontoxigenic, invasive Corynebacterium diphtheriae strain from Brazil

Encinas, Fernando; Abanto, Michel; Ramos, Juliana Nunes; Vieira, Verônica Viana; Mattos‐Guaraldi, Ana Luíza; Vicente, Ana Carolina Paulo

doi:10.1590/0074-02760150250

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…The NT of Australia has immunisation rates of >95%, and colonisation with non-toxigenic strains is not uncommon being a temperate climate 12 13. So, although our patient was fully vaccinated, this does not prevent infection with non-toxigenic strains, which has been associated with invasive disease 15–17. Waning immunity in Australia is more of a concern for patients over the age of 50 without booster doses, who in a place with high rates of childhood immunisation, lose the opportunity for natural immunity and if exposed to toxigenic strains, may not have adequate protective antibodies in response 18…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Corynebacterium diphtheriae-infective endocarditis in a patient with an atrial septal defect closure device

Ng¹,

Downton

Davidson

et al. 2019

BMJ Case Rep

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An 18-year-old woman presented to our institution with fever, bilateral flank pain, headache and photophobia. She had a previous atrial septal defect (ASD) closure device inserted at the age of 9 years. Blood cultures on admission were positive for Corynebacterium diphtheriae, and transoesophageal echocardiogram (TOE) revealed an echodensity associated with the ASD closure device, most consistent with a vegetation. She was treated for infective endocarditis with 6 weeks of intravenous benzylpenicillin, and follow-up TOE showed resolution of the echodensity. To our knowledge, no cases of C. diphtheriaeendocarditis of an ASD closure device have previously been reported.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Corynebacterium diphtheriae-infective endocarditis in a patient with an atrial septal defect closure device

Ng¹,

Downton

Davidson

et al. 2019

BMJ Case Rep

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“…, ; Encinas et al . ). The diagnostic capabilities of NGS were restricted to the rapid identification of genes related to virulence, antibiotic resistance and MLST typing.…”

Section: Current Trends In the Molecular Identification Of Diphtheriamentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Diphtheria remains endemic in many parts of the world, but is more prevalent in the developing countries like Latin America, South Asia, South east Asia, Eastern Europe and Africa (WHO reported Diphtheria cases global summary; Galazka and Dittmann ; Encinas et al . ; Meinel et al . ; Sangal and Hoskisson ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strengthening the laboratory diagnosis of pathogenicCorynebacteriumspecies in the Vaccine era

Sekar

Veeraraghavan

Anandan

et al. 2017

Lett Appl Microbiol

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Over the last three decades, successful implementation of the diphtheria vaccination in the developed and developing countries has reduced the infections caused by the toxigenic strains of Corynebacterium diphtheriae, but a concomitant increase in the invasive infections due to the nontoxigenic strains was seen. In addition, the recent reports on the emergence of nontoxigenic toxin gene-bearing strains, having the potential to revert back to toxigenic form poses a significant threat to human beings. Besides infections caused by C. diphtheriae, the emergence of the respiratory, cutaneous and invasive infections by related pathogenic Corynebacterium species like C. ulcerans and C. pseudotuberculosis, complicate the diagnosis and management of infection. These observations together with the widespread prevalence of diphtheria in the vaccine era, necessitates the strengthening of the epidemiological surveillance and laboratory diagnosis of the pathogen. This review provides the overview of the advantages and limitations of different molecular methods and the role of MALDI-TOF in the laboratory diagnosis of Diphtheria. The contribution of next generation sequencing technology and different genotyping techniques in understanding the pathogenicity, transmission dynamics and epidemiology of the C. diphtheriae is discussed.

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Searching whole genome sequences for biochemical identification features of emerging and reemerging pathogenic Corynebacterium species

Santos

Ramos

Silva

et al. 2018

Funct Integr Genomics

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Biochemical tests are traditionally used for bacterial identification at the species level in clinical microbiology laboratories. While biochemical profiles are generally efficient for the identification of the most important corynebacterial pathogen Corynebacterium diphtheriae, their ability to differentiate between biovars of this bacterium is still controversial. Besides, the unambiguous identification of emerging human pathogenic species of the genus Corynebacterium may be hampered by highly variable biochemical profiles commonly reported for these species, including Corynebacterium striatum, Corynebacterium amycolatum, Corynebacterium minutissimum, and Corynebacterium xerosis. In order to identify the genomic basis contributing for the biochemical variabilities observed in phenotypic identification methods of these bacteria, we combined a comprehensive literature review with a bioinformatics approach based on reconstruction of six specific biochemical reactions/pathways in 33 recently released whole genome sequences. We used data retrieved from curated databases (MetaCyc, PathoSystems Resource Integration Center (PATRIC), The SEED, TransportDB, UniProtKB) associated with homology searches by BLAST and profile Hidden Markov Models (HMMs) to detect enzymes participating in the various pathways and performed ab initio protein structure modeling and molecular docking to confirm specific results. We found a differential distribution among the various strains of genes that code for some important enzymes, such as beta-phosphoglucomutase and fructokinase, and also for individual components of carbohydrate transport systems, including the fructose-specific phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent sugar phosphotransferase (PTS) and the ribose-specific ATP-binging cassette (ABC) transporter. Horizontal gene transfer plays a role in the biochemical variability of the isolates, as some genes needed for sucrose fermentation were seen to be present in genomic islands. Noteworthy, using profile HMMs, we identified an enzyme with putative alpha-1,6-glycosidase activity only in some specific strains of C. diphtheriae and this may aid to understanding of the differential abilities to utilize glycogen and starch between the biovars.

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Genomic analysis of a nontoxigenic, invasive Corynebacterium diphtheriae strain from Brazil

Cited by 3 publications

References 8 publications

Corynebacterium diphtheriae-infective endocarditis in a patient with an atrial septal defect closure device

Corynebacterium diphtheriae-infective endocarditis in a patient with an atrial septal defect closure device

Strengthening the laboratory diagnosis of pathogenicCorynebacteriumspecies in the Vaccine era

Searching whole genome sequences for biochemical identification features of emerging and reemerging pathogenic Corynebacterium species

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